| Titre | Le légitimisme, parent pauvre de l'historiographie ? | |
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| Auteur | Alexandre Dupont | |
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Revue | Revue historique |
| Numéro | no 672, octobre 2014 | |
| Rubrique / Thématique | Mélanges |
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| Page | 889-911 | |
| Résumé |
Le légitimisme, culture politique majeure du XIXe siècle français, a connu un destin assez contrasté dans l'historiographie depuis cent-cinquante ans. Longtemps restée l'apanage d'historiens contre-révolutionnaires qui prétendaient faire de leurs ouvrages des plaidoyers pro domo, l'histoire du légitimisme a connu un double renouveau, dans les années 1950 avec les premières études d'histoire politique sur ce courant, et dans les années 1970 avec les grandes monographies régionales d'histoire sociale. Les années 1980 ont vu les études sur cette famille politique se diversifier, dans le sillage des grands débats historiographiques sur la Révolution française, avec de nombreux apports, notamment en histoire religieuse. Aujourd'hui, l'historiographie reste encore lacunaire sur des pans entiers de l'évolution de ce mouvement, notamment pendant la Deuxième République et le Second Empire. Pourtant, elle est en même temps à la pointe des renouvellements méthodologiques et produit d'excellentes études sur l'histoire culturelle et religieuse de ce mouvement ou encore sur ses liens avec les autres partis légitimistes européens et son internationalisme. Source : Éditeur (via Cairn.info) |
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| Résumé anglais |
French legitimism, a major politic culture of French 19th century, had a quite ambiguous destiny in the historiography since a century and a half. For a long time, it remained the prerogative of counter-revolutionary historians who pretended to use their works as a defence of their ideology. Nowadays, this part of historiography still exists, although less in France than in other countries like Spain or Italy. The history of legitimism experienced a double revival, in the 1950s with the first political studies on this trend, leaded by René Rémond or Jacques Godechot, and in the 1970s with the great local studies on social history. Most of the areas where the legitimism had been strong were studied by historians, but also ethnologists or anthropologists. Anglo-Saxons researchers had an important part in this work and were the first to show that French legitimism's program was not a mere back to the past. In the 1980s, the interest in legitimism arouse as a consequence of the sharp debates about French Revolution which coincided with the commemoration of the bicentenary and the Revolution in 1989. New studies emerged, taking a fresh look at the links between legitimism and catholicism or between legitimism, nationalism and even fascism by focusing on the end of the movement. Nowadays, the historiography remains incomplete on whole sectors of the evolution of this movement, especially during French Second Republic and Second Empire. Even about the 1870s, a quite well-known period thanks to the works of counter-revolutionary researchers, we lack of a social and political history which would take into account the « legitimist people ».However, at the same time, the historiography of French legitimism is a leader in methodological renewals and provides excellent studies about the cultural and religious history of this movement. The renewal of studies about Bourbon Restoration in France, even if it does not exactly deal with legitimism – which appears in 1830 – gave new keys to understand the supporters of the union of Altar and Throne. Finally, their links with the other european legitimist parties and the existence of a counter-revolutionary internationalism constitute one of the most promising ways of actual research about this quite forgotten movement. Source : Éditeur (via Cairn.info) |
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| Article en ligne | http://www.cairn.info/article.php?ID_ARTICLE=RHIS_144_0889 |
