| Titre | La lutte pour la vie dans la cité scientifique | |
|---|---|---|
| Auteur | Gérard Lemaine, Benjamin Matalon, Bernard Provansal | |
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Revue | Revue Française de Sociologie |
| Numéro | 1969, 10-2 | |
| Page | 139-165 | |
| Résumé anglais |
Gérard Lemaine and Benjamin Matalon : The struggle for life in the scientific city.
The authors call « scientific city » the closed world of research. They show that this city is based on competition and a system of rewards ; it compels its members (the « actors ») to make themselves acknowledged by their peers. They must become « visible », which is only possible through divergent or original behavior. The concern for being visible, leads to differentiation, ranging from institutional and cognitive schisms, and the construction of a new paradigm, to a superficial originality bearing on limited points. As a matter of fact, the multiplicity of facets in the system of rewards makes possible different types of survival, in the given social system. For the authors, the scientific city is fundamentally conflictual and the actors are rational enough to calculate their chances of success as well from the cognitive point of view as from the social point of view (priority). On the other hand, the sharpness of the conflict, leads to a conduct which certain sociologists call deviant and which is nothing more than the normal product of certain constraints in the system. The functioning of the city, interesting in itself, has permitted the elaboration of a diagram of social originality, in which the notions of competition, limited resources, personal commitment and self-perceived handicap, play a decisive role. Source : Éditeur (via Persée) |
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| Article en ligne | http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/rfsoc_0035-2969_1969_num_10_2_1507 |
