| Titre | Le culturalisme face au racisme ou d'un naturalisme à un autre : le cas des études afro-américaines | |
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| Auteur | Michel Giraud | |
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Revue | L'Homme et la société |
| Numéro | no 77-78, 3e et 4e trimestre 1985 Racisme, antiracisme, étranges, étrangers | |
| Page | 143-155 | |
| Résumé anglais |
North American cultural anthropology has reified culture, making of it an entity akin to nature. The net result is that in its critique of the naturalism in racist hypotheses it itself depicts another sort of naturalism thus corroborating the attitudes which it claims to oppose. Melville Herskovits' theory of « Africanisms » is a good example of this trend, in the context of « Afro-American studies », the specificities of the black communities in the Americas are reduced to an African inheritance. Reductions of this type have reinforced the arguments of those who in post-slavery American society declared that the former slaves who had now become citizens could not be assimilated. In reaction to these arguments, the ideology of Négritude, based on the findings of cultural anthropology, has taken the naturalisation of culture, which is the basis of culturalism to its utmost limits since, here, this naturalisation has taken the form of a racialisation. The latter, by encouraging all sorts of intolerance and sectarianism, still weighs heavily today in the ideological debate and in political life. For example, in the West Indies under French domination it could, in the future, facilitate in these countries, a neo-colonial type of solution to the crisis which they are experiencing. Source : Éditeur (via Persée) |
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| Article en ligne | http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/homso_0018-4306_1985_num_77_1_2227 |
