| Titre | La présence ottomane au sud de la Crimée et en mer d'Azov dans la première moitié du XVIe siècle | |
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| Auteur | Mihnea Berindei, Gilles Veinstein | |
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Revue |
Cahiers du monde russe Titre à cette date : Cahiers du monde russe et soviétique |
| Numéro | volume 20, no 3-4, juillet-décembre 1979 | |
| Rubrique / Thématique | Dossier |
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| Page | 389-465 | |
| Résumé anglais |
Mihnea Berindei, Gilles Veinstein, The Ottomans in Southern Crimea and in the region of the Azov sea during the first half of the sixteenth century.
The annexation by the Ottomans of the Southern Crimea and of the Azov sea, which had started in 1475, resulted in the constitution of the livâ' of Kefe. The study of the two census registrations carried out in this province in 1516-1519 and in 1542 respectively, gives a precise picture of the region during the first half of the sixteenth century. It is only in the Southwestern Crimea — which preserves its secular characteristics of an agricultural country with mainly a Christian-Orthodox population — that Turkish possessions form a continuous chain of cities and rural sites with villages. In contrast to this area — incidentally a stagnant one — on the rest of the coast, the Ottoman possessions were limited to mere enclaved territories and bridge-heads (Kefe, Kerš, Taman, Azaq, Qopa, Temruq). Here, further to fisheries, especially in the region of Azaq, Turkish targets are mainly military and commercial: the capital of the province, Kefe, is according to the Ottoman pattern, at once a city, a fortress and a harbour of primary importance. Here, the population develops by the immigration from neighbouring countries and its Muslim character is intensified, even though Armenians still constitute (as in the past) the most numerous community of Kefe. Here, finally, the Porte grants its utmost care to the manpower and war material (artillery included) of the garrison — a subject on which our sources are exceptionally precise.
Another contrast appears clearly from the comparison of the two successive budgets of the province, details of which are made fully available for our analysis by the census: in the second of these budgets there is a sharp fall in the state revenues derived from trade. The explanation of this brutal recession might be looked for in the diplomatic break between the khanate of Crimea and Muscovy, as well as in the development of the Polish-Moldavian trade route. These two major factors, which occurred between the two registration periods, have had a significant impact upon the commercial exchange between Moscow and Southern Crimea. The prosperity of this trade at the end of the fifteenth and at the beginning of the sixteenth centuries, together with a peaceful political situation, created the most auspicious conditions for the first decades of the Turkish domination in the area. Source : Éditeur (via Persée) |
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| Article en ligne | http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/cmr_0008-0160_1979_num_20_3_1367 |
