| Titre | De l'espace rural à l'espace urbain. Problèmes de typologie | |
|---|---|---|
| Auteur | Robert Chapuis | |
 |
Revue | Etudes rurales |
| Numéro | no 49-50, 1973 | |
| Rubrique / Thématique | L'urbanisation des campagnes |
|
| Page | 122-136 | |
| Résumé anglais |
From Rural Space to Urban Space: Problems in Typology.
The author discusses different methods employed to define rural and urban types of space, not in abstract, universal ways but within definite limits and using criteria that can be expressed in figures. The simplest or "classical" kind of typology uses simple statistical methods and may be based on a single criterion, which is, for example, demographic (agglomeration size, population density) or financial (fiscal potential). But as one criterion, taken alone, proves insufficient, several may be combined. The author next analyzes the ways in which multiple criteria may be selected and utilized, as exemplified by E. Juillard's research on French urbanization and R. Mols' study of the outskirts of Brussels. The indexes chosen by Juillard give an idea of the diversity of criteria available and concern the consumption, mentality, physiognomy, socio-economic development and evolution rate of the communes investigated. After demonstrating how R. Mols arrives at a final overall index by comparing and totalizing the values attributed to different criteria, the author points out the drawbacks inherent in classical typologies. These difficulties can often be overcome by using computers and factorial analysis, which permit the handling of considerable amounts of documentation and its condensation and synthesis with a minimum information loss and of subjective intervention. On the basis of an article by J.-B. Racine treating graphical and mathematical models, the author explains the techniques of factorial analysis and discusses their advantages. Use of these modern methods does not, however, obviate classical geographical experience, and the author warns that a typology is always partial, in both senses, and must not be over-estimated but considered as a research tool whose validity must be proven in the field. Source : Éditeur (via Persée) |
|
| Article en ligne | http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/rural_0014-2182_1973_num_49_1_1866 |
