| Titre | La « hacienda » précapitaliste en Amérique latine : le cas de l'Equateur | |
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| Auteur | Andrés Guerrero B. | |
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Revue | Etudes rurales |
| Numéro | no 62, 1976 | |
| Page | 5-38 | |
| Résumé anglais |
The Precapitalistic « Hacienda » in Latin America : the Case of Ecuador.
The very large land properties, i.e. the haciendas, of the high plateaux of the Andes of Ecuador were the dominant elements of the agrarian social structure. This study discusses the economic, political and ideological conditions of the existence and the reproduction of the hacienda as a form of production within the global capitalist structure of the country. The hacienda was based on the appropriation of a ground rent in the form of labour. This rent was extorted from a specific form of extended family — the huasipungo family — which lived within the hacienda, where it possessed, for the family's reproduction, a given amount of land and the rights to pasture its animals. At the same time, this family provided salaried workers for the landowner, thanks to specific mechanisms of relative overpopulation inherent to this form of production. These workers constituted the manpower for the cultivation of the crops that were under the direct control and supervision of the administration of the large landholding. This production was sold directly on the national market. The ground rent thus realized was accumulated in other sectors of the economy and only a small part returned to the hacienda in the form of modern means of production, which served to modernize certain aspects of the work process though conserving the precapitalistic nature of this production. The form of insertion, of the hacienda and of the landowners as a social class, into the structures of the national capitalist mode of production, lead to a blockage of all possibilities of their transition. cultivation of the crops that were under the direct control and supervision of the administration of the large landholding. This production was sold directly on the national market. The ground rent thus realized was accumulated in other sectors of the economy and only a small part returned to the hacienda in the form of modern means of production, which served to modernize certain aspects of the work process though conserving the precapitalistic nature of this production. The form of insertion, of the hacienda and of the landowners as a social class, into the structures of the national capitalist mode of production, lead to a blockage of all possibilities of their transition. Source : Éditeur (via Persée) |
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| Article en ligne | http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/rural_0014-2182_1976_num_62_1_2154 |
