| Titre | The Landlord Road and the Subordinate Peasant Road to Capitalism in Latin America | |
|---|---|---|
| Auteur | Cristóbal Kay | |
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Revue | Etudes rurales |
| Numéro | no 77, 1980 | |
| Page | 5-20 | |
| Résumé anglais |
Two roads to capitalist agriculture are distinguished: the landlord and the peasant. It is argued that the landlord path is predominant in Latin America although the transition to capitalist agriculture is not yet complete. Landlords traditionally owned most of the land but the production process within the hacienda system was mainly undertaken by tenants ( Grundherrschaft). Generally after the crisis of the 1930s the technical and social relations of production began to change as a result of the expansion of the market, the availability of new technologies and the emergence of a growing labour surplus. Landlords mechanized their estates and substituted wage labour for tenant labour centralizing the hacienda's production process by expanding the demesne (Gutswirtschaft). However, the capitalist transformation of the hacienda has not always been uniform, unilinear and successful. Factors such as ecological conditions, types of agricultural product, and the resistance of peasants have introduced variations, limited or even prevented the landlord path. In some cases the State through the implementation of an agrarian reform has attempted to develop a peasant path. Although these attempts have largely been unsuccessful they have introduced further complexities. The cases of Bolivia, Peru and Chile are examined so as to illustrate the variations and limitations in the landlord path. Source : Éditeur (via Persée) |
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| Article en ligne | http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/rural_0014-2182_1980_num_77_1_2592 |
