| Titre | Les Unions de production et le problème de la concentration des entreprises en U.R.S.S. | |
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| Auteur | Eugène Zaleski | |
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Revue |
Revue d'études comparatives Est-Ouest Titre à cette date : Revue de l'Est |
| Numéro | vol. 1, no 1, 1970 | |
| Rubrique / Thématique | Articles |
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| Page | 41 pages | |
| Résumé |
de leur travail ; l'issue de cet objectif reste incertaine. La nouvelle expérience est liée au problème de l'introduction de la gestion par des moyens économiques dans l'ensemble du système soviétique mais on peut se demander si la création de puissantes corporations industrielles dotées de larges pouvoirs administratifs et de moyens financiers relativement modestes est le meilleur moyen d'y parvenir. Source : Éditeur (via Persée) |
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| Résumé anglais |
The Producers' Unions and the Problem of Concentration of Enterprises in the U.S.S.R. The problem of economic efficiency, as it pertains to the policy concentration of Soviet enterprises, is studied in the first part. It seems that the practice of setting up agglomerations tended to compromise specialization of production and to hinder an increase of productivity. The system of administrative planning is not conducive to maintaining small, autonomous enterprises, even though it keeps them going in the form of workshops and subsidiary productive activities. Small enterprises, in the form of autonomous units, can be economically profitable only if differences in size are realistically taken into account.
The new economic system also favours concentration of enterprises. However, it does take into account both size (optimal size for serial production) and economic advantages (satisfaction of consumers demand and social advantages).
Territorial «Producers Unions», created in 1961 by the Regional Economic Councils, have not always paralled economic motivations. Their rapid expansion was halted in 1965, following the reestablishment of the system of branch management and of the industrial ministries. This move was in any event facilitated by the opposition of small enterprise managers to the Unions, because these had suffered from a reduction of their bonuses and social status thanks to the Union system. It should be noted that the territorial Producers Unions had been able, because of their larger size, to obtain more autonomy in management and economic accounting.
The new experiment started in 1966, responds more closely to the present system of management by branches and seems to enjoy the government's support. It seems that under this system both the traditional instruments of administrative planning and the financial resources accumulated in different funds (made available through the recently established system of autonomous economic accounting) are concentrated in the Central Administrations of industrial Ministries.
The new experiment is just starting, but the following trend seems to be developing : increased authority on the part of the new Unions and diminishing autonomy, especially financial autonomy, of enterprises. The continuation of this experiment hinges on introducing autonomous economic accounting into the management of industrial ministries. This in turn suggests that important changes in the « style » of their work must take place. Neither is certain. The new experiment implies that economic tools of management will be introduced into the whole Soviet system. One can well ask whether the creation of powerful industrial corporations endowed with far reaching administrative powers but relatively modest financial means, is the most efficient way of achieving this target. Source : Éditeur (via Persée) |
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| Article en ligne | https://www.persee.fr/doc/receo_0035-1415_1970_num_1_1_993 |
