Contenu du sommaire

Articles

• Is Russia part of Europe ? Russian perspections of Europe in the reign of Alexander I - Janet M. Hartley p. 369-385
  Janet M. Hartley, Is Russia part of Europe ? Russian perceptions of Europe in the reign of Alexander I. This article examines the reign of Alexander I ( 1801 - 1825) as a period of transition in the relationship between Russia and "the West". During his reign Russia's standing as a European power increased markedly and she became a dominant member of the European diplomatic community, playing a role in countries and in events which had no direct bearing on her own security. At the same time, hopes amongst some educated Russians that Alexander would adopt the constitutional, and possibly even the social, structure of Western European countries were not realized. The Decembrist revolt was the result of diverging views of "Europe" and Russia's place in it as perceived by Alexander and some of his subjects.
• L'essor et l'échec du mouvement « paidologique » [De la psychanalyse au « nouvel homme de masse »] - Alexandre Etkind p. 387-418
  Alexandre Etkind, Rise and fall of the "paedological " movement. From psychoanalysis to the "new Soviet man." The article relates the history of paedology (pedologiia) in USSR in the 1920's and 1930's. Elaborated by Stanley Hall, paedology was introduced in USSR at the beginning of the NEP and enjoyed extraordinary success since it was officially implanted in schools. Its objective being the interdisciplinary, total ("complex") knowledge of the child, it came up to the expectations of the regime and of part of the scientific world: it was to result in practical applications tallying with the scheduled "new man." It was, furthermore, a last shelter for the innovative trends in psychology and pedagogy, in particular after the near prohibition of psychoanalysis. It was blacklisted as "bourgeois pseudo-science" in 1936 by a decree of the Central Committee which put an end to the research in this field.
• The great strikes of 1953 on Soviet labor camps in the accounts of their participants : A review - Andrea Graziosi p. 419-445
  Andrea Graziosi, The great strikes of 1953 in Soviet labor camps in the accounts of their participants. A review. The review presents a sketch of the great strikes waged by forced laborers in Noril'sk, Vorkuta and Karaganda soon after the death of Stalin in the summer of 1953. It is based both on autobiographical materials and on archival data on the Gulag archipelago recently published in Russia. The changes which preceded and prepared the strikes, the strikes themselves and their consequences are analyzed. Special attention is devoted to the impact of the war in the camps' life; to the ethnic and social composition of the forced labor force; to the role of the various nationalities; and to the demise of Stalin's despotic system, precipitated by the despot's passing but already in the making in previous years, of which the strikes were both a cause and a symptom.
• История и поэтика у Мандельштама : А. Становление поэтического мира - Dimitri Segal p. 447-495