Contenu du sommaire : Jeunes et violences.

Violence, sociability, psychotropic substances and depression The aggressive behaviours of the prime adolescence are often associated to the more or less excessive absorption of alcohol and other types of psychotropic substances : for some, the adolescent ill-being is linked to depression and for others to an intense sociability. Another interpretative assumption has been put forward : the delinquent behaviours and the abuse of psychotropic substances are associated to the effects of tensions and frustrations which do not find compensations or outlets. Based on this issue, the author seeks to specify the relations existing between the implication in brawls, the fact of being attacked or of being threatened, the alcohol, cannabis consumption, the forms of sociability and the psychic difficulties of the French teenagers of the two sexes.

The place of marginality The traditional dynamics of socialization on the basis of conflicts and protests are at work today like yesterday but the forms differ. The area of choices has widened, many identities perceived as natural are not any more and to inherit is not sufficient " to be". The mechanisms of passage from the juvenile phase into the adult phase can be thought starting from individual experiments in a triangulation of three poles : -that of the natural space of the young person or " space of subjectivation", that of the cultural market and that of the normative institutions. Marginality as a process of passage signs a social experiment whose dynamic of action is the awareness of the contradictory values and the distance between the logics of the various poles.

The autonomous way out of the " life of the housing estate" Today, the young people battling with social exclusion and marginalization are often pointed out as real or potentials delinquents by the media, but also sometimes by the local elected officials and persons in charge. Themselves, for some of them, identify more and more strongly with a specific living condition at odds with society ; new heroic identifications develop and some live without any prospect to leave the housing estate. This article analyses, setting them in a historical process, the significant phenomena of the evolution of the living conditions of these young people at the same time on a social, economic and identity level. It proposes points of reference to fight against an essentialist and determinist approach of delinquency.

Urban violence and recourse to sport The sociological analysis of violence in sports has been largely developed since about thirty years. Works show the socializing aspects of sport but also allow to go beyond the idea that sport would " naturally" channel violence. In a sociopolitical context where insecurity is often presented as the essential problem of the French society, many political leaders however preserve the vision of sport supposed to pacify the suburbs. Based on the example of a municipal prevention measure against delinquency by the sporting practice, we would like to show the way the discourse about the prevention by sport is built locally and the implementation of this program and its effects.

Violence and sociocultural activities We wish to present an attempt of synthesis of a large variety of documents, exchanges with actors and notes taken at the time of conferences or seminars. The unit forming a disparate mass of remarks, the need to sweep this corpus, non-exhaustive, and to start to build a discourse which selects, judges, and organises, has been felt. We would thus like to take part in the debates which question our society, enhancing a view tinged with pragmatism, and this by exploiting concrete situations of animation, enriching and widening them by a thought which registers them in an essential societal and global perspective.

Paradoxes around participation Starting from a methodological reflection on the issue of young people and their district, this article wonders about the participation of the " young people of the districts" to the measures of social and professional integration. The counterpart of this question leads us to the non-participation of some of these young people to the measures or structures supposed to bring them the assistance which they could need. Three types of paradoxes emerge from this report and raise the question of the methods of actions to promote as regards the young people the most in difficulty *

The net generation and new economy This article aims to draw the professional and social integration of the Net generation, i. e. young people who, keen on data processing, have oriented their studies on fields in phase with the " new economy" to which testify the multimedia, data processing and biotechnology. On the basis of an online survey and accounts of integration, the present analysis seeks to know if their integration in companies and in the society is established under the sign of the " Internet culture " in use in the new economy whose four qualities represent the keystone : flexibility, open-mind, innovation and immediacy.