Contenu du sommaire : Crise globale et émergence

Actors, history, territories and the search for a political economy of sustainable development The first part is a short presentation of the debates around the 2008 and 2009 WDR's of the World Bank, devoted to the role of rural and urban spaces in development. The second part is focused upon the relations between actors and territories in development thinking, with a peculiar reference to history. The final section does look at the place of territories in the search for “a new political economy of sustainable development”.

In crisis context : a new development paradigma ? Big crisis are breakdown of historical path and paradigm. Today's global debate is largely dominated by the global crisis and the change of development paradigm with the return of Keynes and to import substitution or state interventions models in the South. The developing countries are deeply affected by the crisis to varying degrees depending of their economy openness, structure and policies. The new politics are less orthodox with public deficit, creation of liquidity, of internal market conquest or social protection. Is it the end of Washington consensus ?

From Washington to Pittsburgh : from an undergone consensus to a new established consensus ? Questionings in the field of the economic thinking as a consequence of the current economic crisis gradually opened the way of new paradigm in development theory. This article explains the origin and the characteristics of the exporting model which was in the heart of the growth strategies of developing countries. It also analyzes how the crisis on the emerging and developing economies impacted the theoretical paradigm on development and incites the economic community to revisit the foundations of new growth models which rely on both a new international macroeconomics and on the return to markets domestic as complementary outlets of the production and source of growth.

Internal market led growth model in Latin America after the crisis : an inspiring utopia ? This article deals with the question of whether after years of openness, a new regime of growth based on a fairer revenue distribution, followed by the development of the domestic market, is likely to contribute to a sustainable growth recovery within major Latin American economies. The article lay stress on two factors : the extent of the openness and the scope of revenue inequalities.

World crisis speeds up Asia Emergence Emerging Asia arose from the financial crisis quickly than the rest of the world. Therefore there is a priori no reason for a major change in their development strategy based on industrialization through exportation. Nevertheless some major disequilibrium domestic as well as international are not sustainable in the future. Among them are financial surplus, world diminishing reserves of natural resources, the worsening of inequality both between regions and individuals, the pollution level of water resources and the greying population need to be addressed.

The catching-up of Asia : issues of the crisis This contribution aims at showing that the crisis reveals the importance of the debate about the decoupling of Asian and Western economies. Reacting to the 1997 crisis, East Asia has set up a process of regional integration based on financial cooperation. Nevertheless, the crisis beginning in 2007 in the United-States reached Asia at the end of 2008. This contagion sheds light on the absence of decoupling between the Asian and the Western situations, particularly in the real sector. In order to quickly catch up with Western economies, Asia seems now to have to refocus on its regional demand, thus emancipating from “triangular trade”. National recovery plans could initiate this mechanism.

The uncompleted conversion of the Middle East and North Africa countries to the export-led growth model : which lessons in a crisis context ? This paper aims to highlight the effects of trade opening on the long term growth dynamics and to draw lessons from the inertia and the structural vulnerabilities of the Middle East and North Africa countries industrialization trajectories. Industrialization without technological appropriation, impeding economic diversification, exposes strongly these economies to external shocks. We propose also to discuss the conditions of transition from the export-led growth model in a crisis context.