Contenu du sommaire : Les peuples font la paix (1918-1925)

Introduction Recent historiography has suggested that the armistices of 1918 were far from putting an end to military hostilities. The issue of peace, however, was now on the agenda. Peoples, exhausted and traumatized by this interminable conflict, intended to take an active role in this process. While focusing on the European sphere, this issue intends to show that world peace was a people's concern in the aftermath of the Great War.

Courting Woodrow Wilson: French Feminists' Appeal for a Global Suffrage Endorsement, 1917-18 In 1917-1918, French feminist Marguerite de Witt Schlumberger spearheaded a successful campaign to convince American President Woodrow Wilson to endorse the principle of women's suffrage worldwide. This article describes French feminists' efforts and explains how they used this experience as a springboard for advancing women's political rights at the Paris Peace Conference.

The Birth of Peace: Wilson's Arrival in Paris President Woodrow Wilson's arrival in Paris, on December 14, 1918, was one of the highlights of the immediate post-war period. This article focuses on some letters from French citizens sent to Wilson on the day of his arrival, highlighting the collective emotion that embraced French men and women at the threshold of what they believed was a new era of peace.

Celebrating a Certain Kind of Peace in Le Mans, 22 December 1918 In December 1918, Paul d'Estournelles de Constant organized a French-American celebration at Le Mans, notably to assert the United States' role in the victory and in the future peace settlement. As friend of Joseph Caillaux, jailed since January 1918 and suspected of high treason, De Constant's goal was to promote an alternative to Clemenceau's vision of peace.

Building Peace in Spite of Peace. From the Criticism of Wilsonianism to an Italian Democratic Revisionism, 1918-1920. Wilson's ideas were enthusiastically welcomed in Italy. They indeed responded to the so-called democratic interventionism and pacifist concerns. But the internal divisions of this political trend and the misunderstandings with Wilson about Fiume led to a new kind of revisionism. The latter, which could not therefore be attributed only to nationalism, made Italy's attitude towards peace quite unclear.

East-Central Europe 1918-1921: How Peoples Contributed to the Boundary Delineations In the period between the final stages of the war and the signature of the peace treaties, the battle fought by the Successory States for their territorial program was also happening on the ground, through demonstrations, strikes, mails, petitions... and sometimes armed conflicts. This article is an exploration of the tectonic forces exerted on the peace talks by the peoples themselves.

Pacifism and Universalism: the Case of the Comité national d'études sociales et politiques (1916-1931) After the catastrophic event of the First World War, French intellectuals positioned themselves in favor of international arbitration and the creation of the League of Nations. Focusing on the case study of Comité national d'études sociales et politiques, this article studies the power structures behind this conception of pacifism and internationalism.

When France occupied the Ruhr. Pacifist women's opposition to the French occupation of the Ruhr (1923-1925) The French occupation of the Ruhr in 1923 provoked mixed reactions in France, even within internationalist networks. While some applauded it, other feared its repercussion on international opinions. However, a small number of women, belonging to the pacifist movement, will publically oppose the French occupation. For them, humanitarian aid appeared to be the best way to help the children of the Ruhr, but also make their opposition to the actions undertaken by their government known.