Contenu du sommaire : Femmes en domesticité. Les domestiques du Sud, au Nord et au Sud

Femmes en domesticité. Les domestiques du Sud, au Nord et au Sud

• Introduction : Femmes en domesticité - Les domestiques du Sud, au Nord et au Sud. - Blandine Destremeau, Bruno Lautier
  Women in domesticity : Domestic servants of the South, in the North and in the South. This article identifies the « hard-core » of the characteristics of domestic employment after stressing the minor concern of the social sciences for the role of household servants. It then draws on the considerable diversity of global domestic servants' situations : itinerary, social and legal status, wages and living conditions. After briefly examining the relevance of the notion of « domestic slavery », the text underlines the importance of the theme of mobility.
• Mobilité professionnelle des domestiques au Brésil (Nordeste) : une logique complexe. - Marie Anderfuhren
  Professional mobility of domestic servants in North East Brazil : a complex pattern. Domestic servants have to continually device strategies out of exploitation, poor wages and the low social esteem they are held in. They thus conceal their functions, deem them temporary, hoping for better prospects. But the domestic's condition stays on, so they are forced to forge acceptable identities. The article studies the relationships between poor work conditions, the self-perceptions of the domestic servants, and the prospects of professional mobility. It shows the stigmatising effects that hamper possibilities of improvement, leading to complex strategies, such as the forging of identity.
• Stratégies de mobilité sociale des domestiques immigrées en Espagne. - Laura Oso Casas
  Strategies of social mobility and domestic immigrants in Spain. This article studies the relationships between migration and social mobility of immigrant domestic workers in Spain, on the basis of interviews with women from Latin America and Philippines. The comparative analysis brings to view differentiated migratory and social mobility strategies, according to individual or family cases. The strategies for entering the job market, the residential, educational and matrimonial sequences are hereby examined. The article then evaluates the effects of such strategies on real social itineraries, on the role and the socioeconomic status of immigrant women.
• Travail domestique et travail des enfants, le cas d'Abidjan (Côte-d'Ivoire). - Mélanie Jacquemin
  Domestic work and child labour : the case of Abidjan (Ivory Coast.) Invisible for a long while or rendered as such, child labour is now in the spotlights due to the present focus on the extreme aspects of child-exploitation. In Ivory Coast, the phenomenon of little servants is undergoing significant changes, combining traditional educational practices through work with more recent wage concerns. Observing the diversity of situations suggests that indiscriminate abolition would be difficult ; regulating labour conditions and training of servants may be considered as options to predetermination and better perspectives.
• L'émergence d'un marché du travail domestique au Yémen : une étude sur Sana'a. - Blandine Destremau
  The emergence of the domestic labour market in Yemen : a study of Sana' a. The emergence of a domestic labour market is recent in Yemen. It results from the transformation of life-styles of the middle and upper social groups and from growing disparities. It is fuelled by the presence of thousands of women from East Africa and Asia. Legal loopholes allow the foreign domestic workers to develop strategies that combine professional and geographical mobility. For the impoverished Yemeni women who have no other choice, domestic labour tends to constitute a « poverty trap ».
• Itinéraires du travail domestique en Inde : les filles d'Erayiur. - Aurélie Varrel
  Itineraries of domestic labour in India : the girls from Erayiur. India has a large but complex domestic labour sector. Little housemaids, adolescents of rural origin employed as servants by the urban middle classes, constitute a particular category, which is nonetheless at the centre of recent mutations. The spatial and professional itineraries of the young girls are supposed to be socially established ; but, in fact, they show diversified and complex patterns, related to their insertion in an economic whole, thereby transforming the archaic image generally associated to domestic employment.
• Des domestiques philippines à Paris : un marché mondial de la domesticité ? - Liane Mozère
  Philippine servants in Paris : a global market of domestic servants ? In Paris, Philippino house aides do child-care and housekeeping for well- to-do French and foreign families. This unusual population of often university- educated women who quit husbands and children handle unqualified, but better paying jobs, than those they could have in Philippines. As the top of the iceberg, the experiences of such women form a part of a global domestic job market trends.

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