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Abstract. — Sheep-breeding, turned towards fat lamb production is a component of first importance in the economy of the Southern Alps. Behind the famous appellation of « Sisteron lamb », however, are hidden complex and less brilliant realities, especially in the High Alps. The purity of local races doesn't exist anymore; there is too much interbreeding, and the wholesale butcher has too strong and influence over stock-breeders. The developping production must reach an irreproachable quality through a new selection of the Savournon race. The meat too, should force itself upon the market, through more co-operative channels.