Contenu du sommaire

Summary. — During the period of high economic growth of the 50ies and the 60 ies, the policies of the different alpin countries in favour of their mountain regions have essentially aimed at promoting a development model, based on the specialization of activities, the competitivity on large markets, the implementation of some leading projects and sophisticated technologies. These policies have generated an economic growth in the mountain regions, that has however involved some lacks of balance between the economic sectors and the regions. The current economic crisis requires the implementation of a global development strategy, based on the valorization of all local ressources, the creation of regional economic connections and the search of the greatest economic autonomy. For a few years, self-reliant development projects have been increasing in all alpin countries. However, they will involve a process of global development on the only condition that they are helped by public authorities, integrated in global regional development schemes and accompanied by the various sectoral policies having an influence on regional development.

Abstract. — Since the beginning of the seventies, the local government in Grenoble has been conducting a policy of urban renewal to improve housing and the social andplysical infrastructure of the old districts of the inner city. In these deteriorated areas live the working classes with a high level of unemployed aud immigrants. This is one of the few programmes to maintain the population on the site. This urban renewal associates building restoration with the construction of new rental housing. It is mainly based on the opportunities offered by the slum clearance bill of 1970 and, at local level, on a municipal land policy and the implementation of new management methods, original for a large city. The system tends to question the patterns of distribution of inhabitants in urban areas.

Abstract. — The term space consumption can be defined here as the extension of urbanization, industrialization and of transport substructures. The author shows that the official land survey affords a good approach to the historical evolution of this space consumption. For example, in the Savoy Province, space consumption has increased from approximatively 50,559 acres in 1914 to 117, 748 acres in 1979. It will come near some 138,382 acres in 1985. It is carried out mainly in urban agglomerations, valley bottoms, pre-alpine gaps and on lake shores.