Contenu du sommaire : Migration et travail.

Claude-Valentin Marie Immigration toward France in the 1990s : A New Factor in the Job Market and New Issues in Society The recession has greatly reduced the number of wage-earning jobs. Jobs have also been shifted from industry toward services. Immigration is no longer a matter of looking for jobs but of settling. After assessing immigrant labor in recent years, attention is turned to the disputed place immigrants occupy in society, specifically to the difficult problems of integrating immigrants, schooling their children and controlling new arrivals. Local and international authorities tend to be relaying the state in the effort to control migratory flows.

Nancy Green Immigrant Labor and the Clothing Industry : Beyond Culture and Capital This historical description of immigrants working conditions in the French and American clothing industries points out that such jobs were primarily for unskilled women workers who, once hired, were shown what to do. Such jobs were, consequently, quite accessible for immigrant workers. Labor unions were unable to regulate employment in this branch. Rapid personnel turnover was a factor in favor of businessmen, themselves exposed to brutal competition.

Emmanuel Ma Mung Ethnic Entrepreneurs in France How do businesses in immigrant communities help reproduce an ethnic group and make it autonomous ? The statistical basis is laid for answering this question ; and changes in such businesses over time are analyzed. Interpretations of this situation refer to external factors (the job crisis) as well as internal ones (response to a demande for traditional goods and services). In Chinese or North African immigrant groups, geographic and economic autonomy has been attained. Businessmen can thus negotiate the group's identity with the host country.