Contenu du sommaire : Démocratie et développement, pauvreté au Liban, emploi domestique en Afrique du Sud, boom du soja au Brésil...

Démocratie et développement, pauvreté au Liban, emploi domestique en Afrique du Sud, boom du soja au Brésil...

• Varia

  • Démocratie et développement - Philippe Marchesin p. 487
    Democracy and Development. This article is an updated attempt to synthesise a classical theme in development studies : the relationship between democracy and development. Far from the normative attitude of pedalling the dominant ideology of « market democracy », the empirical approach offers a contrasted view : the relationships between democracy and development do not amount to a direct reciprocal conditionality but consist of multiple indirect relationships. Recent works consecrated to human development at the internal level, or to matters of international relations and global government, place the democracy-development equation at the heart of analyses, which goes to demonstrate the prevailing character of the debate.
  • La misère du Liban : une population appauvrie, peu d'Etat et plusieurs solidarités souterraines - Thierry Kochuyt p. 515
    The misery of Lebanon : An impoverished population, little state and several underground networks of solidarity. Due to a dualisation of the income structure and because of the present economic crisis, Lebanon faces a poverty which affects approximately one third of its population. And yet this issue is hardly addressed at the national level for ideological, financial and institutional reasons. This does not mean that poverty is completely ignored because the management of social inequality also takes place at a sub-national level where families, confessions and political elites dominate. These entities show solidarity with the poor who, in return, contribute to maintaining the traditional hegemonies of their donors.
  • Les domestiques, la ville et l'accès à l'emploi au Cap et à Johannesburg : logiques de proximité et logiques de réseau - Claire Bénit et Marianne Morange p. 539
    Domestic workers, the city and access to work at the Cape and in Johannesburg : Proximity and network logics. Domestic work has undergone considerable mutations in South Africa in a decade. The collapse of the apartheid system first led to the development of part time labour, which enables employees to escape from the system of lodging by the employer. The crisis of the fordist production system reinforced this loosening of labour conditions on a spatially segmented labour market at the Cape and in Johannesburg, both due to the legacy of apartheid and to the very conditions of access to jobs, characterised more so by informal networks than by formally established structures. Efforts to streamline labour conditions have however led to regulating this long neglected sector.
  • L'avancée fulgurante du complexe soja dans le Mato Grosso : facteurs clés et limites prévisibles - Jean-Pierre Bertrand p. 567
  • Trajectoires de croissance et volatilité macro-économique dans le Mercosur : quelques éléments d'analyse empirique - Alexis Saludjian p. 595
    Growth trends and macro-economic volatility in the Mercosur : Some elements of empirical analysis. To determine whether or not the nature of economic integration is a vector of macro- economic volatility, it is necessary to study the characteristics of different growth patterns in the countries of the Mercosur by bringing to light established trends. Such is the purpose of this article, which assesses the performance of the zone during the 1960-2002 period and analyses the strengths and limits of each growth pattern. The Mercosur and the modalities of its development between 1991 and 2003 are given special consideration by stressing the importance of pattern change and its impact as regards macro-economic volatility.
  • Une analyse empirique de l'impact de la libéralisation financière en Afrique subsaharienne sur la période 1983-1996 - Audrey Chouchane-Verdier p. 617
    An empirical analysis of the impact of financial liberalisation in Sub-Saharan Africa during the 1983-1996 period. This article analyses the efficiency of financial liberalisation policies undertaken in the majority of Sub-Saharan African economies at the end of the 1980's and the beginning of the 1990's. The evolution of the index of financial development that has been designed here shows a general regression of banking performances and enhanced stability on loan markets. This paper studies in greater detail the case of the countries of the franc zone as regards the application of financial reforms and stresses the discrepancies of the established measures and the banking structures in this region of the world.
  • Entre Etat et marché. Une nouvelle régulation sanitaire pour les pays en développement ? - Stéphane Tizio p. 643
    Between State and market : A new sanitary regulation for developing countries ? This paper is positioned in a critical perspective of the most recent international recommendations in matters of health in developing countries and particularly in Sub- Saharan African countries. A brief history of health policies shows that the promotion of these new instruments is greatly owed to the limits of the State and market models of organising health systems. Proceeding from the neo-institutional models of such new health policies, we shall demonstrate the implications and limits consisting, among other things, of discarding the political and ethical dimensions of regulating health systems.
  • Existe-t-il encore une place pour la coopération bilatérale ? Réflexions à partir de l'expérience canadienne - Bonnie Campbell et Pascale Hatcher p. 665
    Is there still a place for bilateral strategies of international cooperation ? Reflections on the basis of the Canadian experience. The multilateralisation of analysis and development strategies proposed by the Bret ton Woods institutions has major political implications for aid policies. Based on an analysis of the Canadian experience, this article raises concerns that Canada might abandon its ability to achieve coherence among its various policy instruments at the bilateral level and, as well, that Canada might abdicate responsibility for its own development and aid policies. In such a context, the existence of an autonomous specialised bilateral agency such as the Canadian International Development Agency, СIDА, represents a valuable institutional means which provides space and hence safeguards for debates, analysis and policies which are unlikely to emerge from any other institution.

• Analyses bibliographiques

  • Développement : Nouveaux Cahiers de l'IUED - p. 689
  • Relations internationales - S. Madaule ; A. Rea et M. Tripier p. 696
  • Economie - A. H. Amsden ; E.T. Mandrara ; M.L. Herschtel ; F. Lefresne p. 699
  • Microfinance - I. Guérin et J.M. Servet p. 706
  • Afrique - M. Audibert, J. Mathonnat et E. de Roodenbeke (dir.) ; R. Guillon p. 711
  • Amérique latine - F. Manero et L.J. Pastor (dir.) ; M. Dias David p. 713
  • Asie - A. Monsutti ; R. K. Mishra et G. de Bernis (édi.) ; C. Ying p. 716