Contenu du sommaire : Décentralisation et développement local : un lien à repenser

Décentralisation et développement local : un lien à repenser

• Décentralisation et développement local : un lien à repenser. Introduction - Alain Dubresson p. 7
• Métropolisation institutionnelle et spatialités économiques au Cap (Afrique du Sud) - Alain Dubresson p. 21
  Productive transformations in the State of Guanajuato (Mexico). Local entrepreneurs and globalisation The present article explores the role of the entrepreneurial milieu in the productive transformations of four municipalities of the State of Guanajuato, specialized in leader/shoes, clothing industry and automobiles. The quite varying degrees of adaptation of the operators to globalisation appear to be linked to the amount of social capital acquired in the course of professional experiences. Strategies are oriented towards three areas of action that are distinct and yet interdependent : one of them is cooperation in labour relations in the agglomerations, the second one concerns institutions in charge of local and State policies and, finally, the last one is the intermediations between the configuration of activities and their local and international markets.
• Où le partenariat public-privé devient l'instrument privilégié du développement économique local. L'exemple de Durban, Afrique du Sud - Bill Freund et Benoît Lootvoet p. 45
  Where the public-private partnership becomes a privileged tool for local economic development. The example of Durban, South Africa While lacking in precision, the notion of local economic development (led) has known a growing success with some scholars, experts and political heads. Taking the example of Durban, which is one of the six mega-municipalities created in 2000 during the municipal elections that established the first local govern- ments according to the post apartheid Constitution, this article suggests that in South Africa, statements and policies expressed as led may well be summarised as the promotion of a public-private partnership.
• Décentralisation et développement local au Sénégal. Chronique d'un couple hypothétique - Alain Piveteau p. 71
  Decentralisation and local development in Senegal. Chronicle a hypothetical couple Is decentralisation in West Africa promoting local development ? An of the situation in Senegal underscores the stakes and difficulties of a decentralized control of public actions and development programs. Decentralisation reinforces the power of aid promoters and the « project-logic » by fragmenting the interventions fields. The resulting local governance, based upon multiple and « regulations », scarcely contributes to mobilise local actors in quest of construction.
• Des politiques publiques décentralisées, entraves au développement local. Expériences brésiliennes - Yves-André Fauré p. 95
  Decentralised public policies, blockages to local development. Brazilian experiences This article covers the relationships between the decentralised structure authorities and administrations and the conditions of local development in federative Republic of Brazil. It also explores the processes of dissolution in which communes are involved and its viability consequences, a series of programmes action clarifying the methods of management of local public affairs, the of inter-institutional relationships, the inter-partisan alliances implicated, budgetary considerations of the communities and the territorial inscription fiscal instruments. The analysis brings to light some obstacles which prevent capacity of decentralized Brazilian administrative apparatus to bring about local development.
• Transformations productives dans l'Etat de Guanajuato (Mexique). Entrepreneurs locaux et mondialisation - Margarita Estrada et Pascal Labazée p. 119
• Décentralisation et rééquilibrage en faveur des régions en Inde. L'exemple de l'Andhra Pradesh - Loraine Kennedy p. 141

• Varia

  • La société civile en question : pentecôtisme et démocratie - André Corten p. 167
  • Tiers Monde et biodiversité : tristes tropiques ou tropiques d'abondance ? La régulation internationale des ressources génétiques mise en perspective - Valérie Boisvert et Franck-Dominique Vivien p. 185
    The Third World and biodiversity : Sad tropics or tropics of plenty ? International regulation and resources in perspective Akin to the much publicised contract drawn between Merck and in 1991, the doctrine issued from the Convention on biological biodiversity on the hypothesis of the development of a new activity - bio prospecting - and a new form of international trade, the one of genes. Whereas this latter conceived in a time which recreated an imagery of plenty attributed to the today this image is doubtful and of disappointment. Ten years after the into effect of the agreement, we hereby propose to draw into perspective the institutional transformations with regard to the international regulation of resources.

• Piques et polémiques

  • Brevet du vivant : progrès ou crime ? - Jean-Pierre Berlan p. 207
    Patenting the living : Progress or crime ? The genetic-industrial cartel, draped in a cloak of philanthropy and progress, has succeeded in slapping a patent on the living in 1980 in the United States and in 1998 in the European Union, with the 98/44 directive which France has just transposed. The World Trade Organisation demands it to be extended to the whole world. Its consequences for people, especially those of the Third World, will be tragic in the twin domains of applied biology : agriculture and health.