Contenu du sommaire

Paul-Henri Chombart de Lauwe and Marie-José Chombart de Lauwe : The evolution of needs and the dynamic conception of the family. The statistical conception of the family considered as a refuge and a guarantee of social order is at present out of date. A dynamic conception has been gradually appearing. It is studied here by means of the evolution of functions, the evolution of structures and family relations, and the evolution of needs. A distinction between obligation-needs and aspiration-needs better allows the discovery of the liberating possibilities of persons and the transformation of the coercing family into an attaching group for its members. The authors propose a series of subjects for study which allow methodical progress in this field.

Paul-Henri Maucorps : Empathy and the understanding of others. The author proposes a definition of empathy which considers its component parts and its conditions of exercice. He discusses several salient results of his research at the level of the comprehension of others as it is manifested within groups. He differentiates clairvoyance from transparency and relational sensitivity from perceptive realism. He proposes for reflection the concepts of auto-empathy, allo-empathy, and the consciousness of the conscience of others. He discusses the major phenomena which result from both psychological and sociological explanations : fear of others, social concealment, sensitization and contamination of transparencies. He concludes with a comparison of experimental empathy- and experienced empathy.

René Bassoul : Analysis of covariance and the residual method in sociology. The technique of statistical analysis exposed in this article will improve the knowledge of social facts which are already partially known. The author points out the logical exigencies of investigation which this technique satisfies. He then describes the calculation procedures which the analysis of covariance involves.

Joseph Gabel : The concept of political alienation. The author points out that the problem of political alienation can be posed validly only with the aid of a general theory of alienation which can encompass clinical alienation. A synthesis of Marxist and psychiatric concepts is the philosophical preliminary step in such an undertaking. The outline of such a synthesis is presented as a discussion of structural analogies between the false conscience and schizophrenia. This demonstration deals with 1) the role of epistomological identification and 2) the forms of spatialization and temporalization.