Contenu du sommaire
Revue | Revue économique |
---|---|
Numéro | 1954, no 5 |
Texte intégral en ligne | Accessible sur l'internet |
- Quelques aspects de la théorie de la firme : incertitude, autonomie, calculs forfaitaires - Robert Guihéneuf p. 673-702 SUMMARY The entrepreneur assumes important risks which are related to Incer- tainty Most of these risks cannot be Insured By his expectations the entre preneur tries to define stable behaviour despite of incertainty Expectation depends both on breeking up with former behaviour and projection into the future The expectation must be founded upon some technical calcu lations which are specific of the Firm in the capitalistic systems II The technical devises are analysed Witli respect to the profit Big enterprises try to obtain the largest profit in the long run small firms try to assure the maximum of security Forfait calculations can be in both cases observed Forfaitaire profit as whole or forfaitaire rate normal cost principle Break even Point method underlies discontinuous characteristics of calculation III The structure of the firm Financial aspect Increasing risk prin ciple and the self financing method show that all is happening as if the firm raised its autonomy on account of Incertainty Need of liquidity is basic factor of the structure of the firm involving the possibility of pattern of specific liquidity calculation In the same way inventories may be considered as an aspect of the structure calculation method shows the origi nality of economic calculation in this respect
- Les comptes de villages - Sylvain Wickham p. 703-724 The author tried to measure the total annual income of small French villages in 1953 He utilized basic elements of National Income Analysis concentrating his efforts on representation of agricultural income He successively explains The accounting framework chosen and the underlying assumptions Results obtained in three villages of Eastern France precision of those results and methods used to gather necessary informations Conclusions which might be reached through extension of such studies in particular data on average income compared with average rural non-farm income as well as basic informations about optimum size or spatial distribution of villages and the map of trade operations between them
- Les problèmes de la comptabilité nationale dans les pays sous-développés - Bernard Ducros p. 725-745 SUMMARY In establishing national accounting great difficulties are encounte red by underdevelopped countries though its need is felt when these countries undertake development projects There are serious dangers in relying on partial planning of investments without complete forecasting of the effects which these investments will have upon the equilibrium of aggregate quan tities in those economies whose structure such investments are destined to transform The setting up national budgets will be necessary for the accurate forecasting of changes in aggregate quantities and to control infla tion permanent danger to the carrying out of development projects II The setting up of national budgets meets with particular diffi culties in underdeveloped countries in so far as it is Impossible to consider available ressources as given independently of total expenditure even during relatively short period This interdependence is accounted for by concealed unemployment and the share taken by mixed goods in national product and expenditure mixed goods meaning in this context those goods which fulfil collective consumption need and at the same time increase the productive potential of the country In giving the gross national product flexibility which is relatively greater than it would at first have appeared to possess in relation to planned increases in total expenditure the drawing on the excess labour ressources and the increasing of mixed goods in prefe rence to spending on pure consumption or even on pure investment make it possible to look forward to these countries development With minimum of optimism
- Le développement d'industries de base sur des espaces économiques réduits : L'exemple de la sidérurgie autrichienne - J.-L. Payart p. 746-764 SUMMARY The Austrian steel industry is disproportionate to the resources locally available as it must buy part of its ore and scrap iron and also all its requirement of coke from abroad It must also export large amount of its production as the local demand for its products is not sufficient to take up the available supply This development of heavy industry was not supported by large consumer goods Industries because Austria was originally the center of the Austria- Hungarian Empire and later part of the IIIrd Reich At the end of the second World War the steel Industry was three-quarters destroyed or dismantled It was however rebuilt although Austria was reduced in size and politically isolated Consumer goods industries continued to be neglected Considering the failure of the attempt to secure free exchange of products this over-development of basic Industry has resulted in the destruction of that harmonious development which can only occur when consumer and capital goods are available in suitable proportions
- Notes sur la politique monétaire de stabilisation aux Etats-Unis depuis 1950 - Pierre Tabatoni p. 765-780
- La situation économique - L.-A. Vincent p. 781-791
- Lois économiques et rapports de production. Compte rendu d'une conférence du professeur O. Lange - Charles Bettelheim p. 792-799
- La politique économique en démocratie - Raymond Barre p. 800-808
Notes bibliographiques
- Kalecki (M.) - Theory of Economic Dynamics. An essay on cyclical and long run changes in capitalist economy. - Pierre Dieterlen p. 809-811
- Hansen (Alvin H.) - Guide to Keynes. - Jean Lhomme p. 811-812
- Readings in Price Theory, selected by a Committee of the American Economic Association . Chamberlin (Edward Hastings) - La Théorie de la concurrence monopolistique. Une nouvelle orientation de la théorie de la valeur. Trad. franç. par Guy Trancart - Jean Lhomme p. 812-813
- Laferriere (Julien) Waline (Marcel) - Traité élémentaire de science et de législation financières. - Alain Barrère p. 813-814
- Ferronniere (Jacques) (avec la collaboration d'E. de Chillaz) - Les Opérations de banque. - Jean Lhomme p. 814-815
- Marquis (Pierre) - Contribution à l'étude des chèques postaux. Préface de M. Usclat. - Henri Guitton p. 815-816
- Benedict( Murray R.) - Farm Policies of the United States, 1790-1950. A study of their origine and development. - Pierre Fromont p. 816-817
- JAsny (Naum) - The Soviet Economy during the Plan Era . Jasny (Naum) - Soviet Prices of Producers' Goods. - Charles Bettelheim p. 817-819
- Chapman (Agatha L.) (with the assistance of Rose Knight) - Wages and Salaries in the United Kingdom, 1920-1938. - Jean Lhomme p. 819
- Carmoy (Guy de) - Fortune de l'Europe. - Jean Lhomme p. 820-821
- Listes des ouvrages reçus - p. 822-840