Contenu du sommaire : La passion du sport.

The spread of self-regulated sport leisures raises the issue of its relation to traditional sport culture. This article is a moody text toward writings who take the risk to overestimate the new trends whereas communal activities, local sociabilities, commitments about educational sports remain still largely dominant. Excepting a few deviant structures, self-regulated leisure is part of a different though complementary set of sport practices to which they fully adhere.

What roles do young people play in the transformations of sport ideology ? Their position cannot be reduced to the rejection of the traditional sport ethics. For them, the authenticity of their commitment prevails largely. Their definition of sport fulfillment meets four main points : freedom of action, geographical mobility, financial benefits and reputation. They defend a justice with no mediators. Eventually, their multiple sport practices combine tradition and new trends.

Göteborg 1993. The French handball national team became World Vice champion. "We are crazy", says P. Gardent. Marginalized from educational sport and looking down at customs, these "rebels" smashed the most sophisticated analysis frameworks. These unpredictable, oddly looking "aliens", offered us a genuine show.

To understand young people motives for practicing sports is no longer possible to appeal to founding values of modernity like search for improvement, control of oneself and the environment, surpassing the other and achievement of this emblematic form of confrontation represented by practicing sports in an institutional context. The growing importance of sport activities is justified by its recreational intensity, the feelings encountered and the possibility of sharing experiences. The aesthetic side of existence fully develops in free sport. This tendency, presented as an hypothesis, is confirmed by two surveys of young people aged 15 to 20. The first one tries to determine the factors leading high school populations to the activities ; the second one attempts to draw the profile of applicants to the STAPS path at university.

We have underlined the existence of a particular football practice which develops alongside institutional football in the so-called "at risk" districts of our megalopolis. Football cristal I izes the values of the society it belongs. Could we come to the conclusion of a compartmentali- zation between two forms of social adherence - a dominant one and a community one, each having its own set of values ? We are attempting to give an answer through an ethnographical investigation set in two parts - considérât ing this particular practice and the commitment of the so-called "marginal" population in the Marseille Olympic Stadium and the 1998 World Cup.

Pop or rock culture and sport used to be two distinct worlds differently related to the values of self-fulfillment The pop culture world characterized by music, fashion and drug abuse was a feature of the baby-boom generations emancipating practices. It was opposed to the sport world considered a refuge of principles such as authority and health education. The changes occurred in sport supply and practices, together with the pop culture splitting into slivers because of its consumers' increasing social différenciation, produced close ties between the two worlds - which both participate in the elaboration of a life style.

From a psychoanalystical point of view aggressivity, hate and violence are fundamental processes of human psyche. Agressivity helps in the necessary parting from the mother representation ; violence occurs when this parting is particularly difficult to achieve. If this phenomenon can remain discreet during childhood, the impulsive reactivations of puberty give to it an explosive dimension at adolescence. Although no confusion is possible between psychical reality and social dimension, it could be conceivable that young people are all the more left to their own violence since they meet a lack of symbolic inscription in the society.

This article deals with the question of citizenship and of young people's right to be part of the community. After a brief survey of the concepts of citizenship and labour, the young people's right to be part of the city is considered from the angle of their integration into the adult's world and the community. The results of a study concerning the integration of young Quebec graduates are developed in this perspective. In conclusion, the authors evaluate the lines of a new research intending to demonstrate how labour is modeling values that while integrating young people in the society ignore their citizens rights.

This article echoes the debates featured in Agora n°14 about "Young people's accès to employment new modalities". The question of young people's employment is analysed in reference to the long-term transformations which have been modifying our production system. It is important to analyse all these emerging new stakes' components, including the political and ideological ones. This article intends to open a debate and invites to focus on this particularly keen subject concerning the future of our society.