Contenu du sommaire

The origin of geohistory in Fernand Braudel: a chapter in the history of geographical thought This article analyses the origin of the concept of geohistory in the French historian Fernand Braudel. We aim to show that it did not appear in La Méditerranée et le monde méditerranéen à l'époque de Philippe II (1949), as historiography normally asserts, but in his prison notebooks written between 1941 and 1944. In them we see the influence of French and German geography in the development of geohistory as well as Braudel's divergences concerning the treatment given to geography in Lucien Febvre's La Terre et l'évolution humaine (1922). This debate defines what we are calling “a Braudelian chapter in the history of geographical thought”.

The First Round-the-World Package Tours. The Case of the Société des voyages d'études autour du monde(1878) During the second half of the 19th century, with the development of steamships and railroads, and the opening of new routes such as the Suez Canal, the round-the-world trip became possible for tourists. Thus, beginning in 1872, package tours around the world were organized, reflecting the entry of round-the-world trips to the new tourist industry. This paper studies these first voyages of a new kind through the example of the Société des voyages d'études autour du monde (SVEAM). The corpus, constituted by official documents of the SVEAM, newspaper and journal articles dedicated to the project, and the written accounts of three participants in the trip, allows us to shed light on a poorly known moment in the history of tourism. This paper describes the profile of the first round-the-world tourists (wealth, motives), their itineraries, and the activities which they pursued at their various stopovers.

Territory and memory in Bohemia: the post-socialist management of German past at the Czech German border More than twenty years after the collapse of the socialist regime in Czechoslovakia, the traces of German past in Czech lands are being integrated in the cultural heritage. This phenomenon is symbolized by the opening in 2012 of a museum of the cultural heritage of former German speaking citizens of pre WWII Czechoslovakia. Starting from this example, this paper aims to examine the management of German past in Czech borderlands within the analysis of the relation between social memory and territory. To do so, the article first presents the notion of social memory and its potentially valuable assets for social and cultural geographical inquiries. It then describes the evolution of the relation between society and the space in Bohemian borderlands since 1945. Finally, the analysis emphasizes the spatial social frameworks called on to mobilize German past in the present.

Transformations of the Pampa rural space and globalization It is assumed that in the Pampa rural space, family farming and local socio-economic organization at the village level are under threat of substitution by a global non-territorial model of financial agriculture linked to the strong rapid expansion of soya. Thus it is supposedly an historical transformation of the rural world of the Pampa. Nevertheless it is not the first time that a global economic model has been abruptly inserted in the history of these rural spaces. Beyond the phenomenon known as “sojización”, this paper proposes a geographical model of the great changes occurring in the organization the Pampa rural spaces, aiming at understanding the deep sociogeographical processes at work. The notion of “territorial pact” and analysis of the different dimensions of farming-related human activity, are called upon, in the four parts of this paper, tracing the different phases of construction/deconstruction and reconstruction of the territory. In conclusion it a theoretical representation is proposed that allows monitoring of transformations and definition of the rural development issues at stake for these extremely dynamic spaces.

Outdoor sports in the Landes département of France: from controlled development to the promotion of a "local resource" To deal with the democratization of outdoor sports, the Ministry of Sport is establishing controlled development as the basis for public action. The purpose is to promote professionalized supervision and bring the free practice of sport back within the embrace of an institutional framework. Once supervised, trained and made safe, outdoor sports enthusiasts would thus improve their skills in terms both of technique and environmental protection. They would preserve not only their own physical safety but also the environmental quality of natural areas used. However, in the context of devolution, the State confers on the local authority, the département, the operational implementation of the public action in favour of outdoor activities. Sports Law entrusts the local authority with the development of a local Spaces, Sites and Itineraries Plan (PDESI) related to the outdoors sports. This Plan is then introduced as a working tool of local governance and divisional planning. This article looks into the way the local authority of the Landes département appropriates the reference framework devised by the State. It sheds light on the fact that taking action for a controlled development is seized on for the benefit of a promotional campaign around outdoor sports, and more especially for surfing, considered as an element for territorial marketing, as a means of fostering territorial construction, and strengthening the area's tourist attractiveness.