Contenu du sommaire : Mondialisation et soutenabilité environnementale

Westphalian dilemma and international governance of global public goods: the case of the climate protection Faced with an insufficient production/conservation of global publics goods (GPG) which requires a reinforced international cooperation in the context of a deregulated globalization, this paper explores more deeply this concept of GPG recently put forward by the United Nations on the international Agenda in order to appreciate its consistency with the previous priority of sustainable development. Whereas several registers of justification (efficiency versus solidarity) are possible to promote the furniture of GPG, the focus is particularly placed on the difficulties of the climate negotiation aiming at the conservation of the climate stability which is confronted to the national sovereignties and selfishness.

Free trade and climate changes: “mutual supportiveness” or conflicting paradigms? This article deals with the theoretical and institutional links between the climate change agenda and the globalization. It develops a critical analysis of the mutual supportiveness between free trade and the greenhouse gas emission reductions. This critical analysis paves the way to a second one: the refutation of the mutual supportiveness between the WTO regime and the international climate change regime.

Environmental clauses in free trade agreements between developed and emerging countries. Analysis of determinants Using World Bank data base 'Global Preferential Trade Agreements', with a sample of 268 agreements, the paper analyses environmental clauses that these agreements may contain, with a special view on those implying parties from both advanced and emerging economies. A qualitative approach helps to underline essential characteristics of the observed phenomena. Econometrics, based on logit method, tries to identify the main determinants for the introduction of environmental clauses, of different kinds, in trade agreements, whether regional or not, bilateral or multilateral, and attempts to identify environmental issues in North-South negotiations.

The advances of the clean development mechanism: a decisive stage toward a less carbon intensive development in the South? Development strategies are presently deployed with greater uncertainty, especially because of the climate change constraint. This climate constraint is increasing scrutinized and taken seriously into account by the South countries as shown by the implementation of the provisions of the Kyoto Protocol, particularly the clean development mechanism (CDM). Through the analysis of the CDM, our contribution will examine its effectiveness in Asian countries for two major dimensions of climate policy in developing countries: the sectoral emission reduction of greenhouse gas, and the transfer of environmentally-friendly technologies.

Foreign investments and development: the gold mining sector in Mali Large-scale gold mining in Mali has mitigated impacts: gold has become the major export product and a significant source of government revenues. It probably compensated for the cotton decline. But this large-scale production with limited backward and forward linkages offers few opportunities if it does not turn into human or technical capital. A diversification could offer a long term alternative to this non renewable resource.

Network utilities reform in Africa and sustainable development: the case of Cameroon railway transportation industry In African countries like Cameroon, the reform of network utilities occurs in a context characterized by an absence of financial market, a lack of equity culture, a lack of regulation and inefficiency of public ownership. Hence the question of whether in such a context, sustainable development of these industries is possible. We study the case of railway transportation industry in Cameroon and show that under such conditions, the industry is going through successive stages of opportunism, social responsibility and maturity. Only this last step initiates a real sustainable development.

How to adapt an accounting method to quantify economic changes? Economics results are compared thanks to the wealth indicators (GDP, etc.). To work out these indicators the logical framework has been conceived for a national entity, where the market has a core function and where the monetary space is unified. Many rural economies do not have these features. Thanks to a real example, we adapted the logical frame work of national computability to asses more sharply these indicators in rural economies.

Financial liberalization and effect on investment in Algeria Algeria has committed, like other developing countries, a program of reforms to establish a new logic of the market and liberalization in all sectors of activity, in order to improve its attractiveness of foreign and local investors. However, if the various tests for private investment particularly in developing countries focus on the business climate, our contribution aims to evaluate the effect of financial liberalization policies initiated in Algeria, beginning nearly two decades.