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The topic of adherence. Experience of access to HIV antiretroviral treatments in Ivory Coast In the context of availability of antiretroviral treatments in Ivory Coast, this paper intends to make connections between patients', care givers' and health System' s attitudes and positions when it comes to ensure and improve adherence to a complex and hopeful treatment. Especially, the cost of treatments appears as a central issue: it is an important concern for patients, affecting their relationships with their family circle, as well as it moulds care givers' strategies to select beneficiaries of the treatment, a selection process which receives here a special consideration. As part of a System which has encouraged the development of a predictive approach to patients' adhérence — although it effectively generates non-adherence — , this cost question, after ail, becomes emblematic of moralistic discourses and practises in the relationships between patients and care givers.

Alternated sport competition and athietic auto-illusion of competence for adolescents in school failure The purpose of this study is to measure the effects of altemated sport competitions (Segregated and integrated) on perceived competence for adolescents in school failure presenting an intellectual disability (ID) or conduct behavior (CB) placed in French specialized establishment. Compared to student schooled in an ordinary sector, adolescents with ID and CB present an inability to appreciate their possibility and to recognize their weakness. This inability can translate a physical auto-illusion of competence. The central hypothesis of this work suggests that the alternated sport compétitions are going to encourage the decristallisation of the physical auto-illusion of competence of the adolescents with ID and CB. The Self Perception Profile of Harter (1985) has been administrated seven times in seven months to two groups of eight ID adolescents and two groups of eight CB adolescents practicing basketball and cross-country, as well as to four control groups (sedentary and physical education). The results show a stability of the « physical » perceived competence and « general self-worth » on a length of seven months. The alternated competitions play a damaging role to the construction of a realist perceived competence. It seems therefore that in the long term, only the practice of integrated competitions can contribute to reduce the physical auto-illusion of competence of adolescents with ID and CB.

Defining hospital performance: a survey among key stakeholders in hospitals This paper presents the main results of a survey among Belgian hospital leaders about their conceptualisation of hospital performance. The questionnaire was built using a model of performance developed by Sicotte et al. (1998) that is relying on Parsons' theory of social action (1951, 1977). Factorial analysis confirms that performance is viewed as a multidimensional construct. Moreover, empirical factors are quite similar to theoretical dimensions, even though one can note some interesting reorganisations of items inside or among dimensions. Finally, an analysis of factorial scores indicates diverging opinions among professional groups about the characteristics of hospitals operating at a high level of performance.