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Population Data and Types of Regional Organisation in Southern BrazilThe region of the South (the states of Parana, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul), which in 1970 numbered 16,500,000 inhabitants, or 18% of the population of Brazil living on only 7% of the territory, has, for more than a century now, maintained a steady rhythm of population expansion, especially noticeable at present in the State of Parana. The densities of population in the South and its rate of urbanization remain very contrasted. Except in the longest occupied «campos», settlement was late (19th and 20th centuries) and resulted from the immigration of Euro- peans (Germans, Italians), who were attracted by the subtropical physical conditions of the region and who settled in the forests. Demographic growth was thus close to that of a new country. But today, foreign contributions no longer existing, the internal migrations of Brazil are showing their importance to the benefit of Parana. The dynamics of settlement have been provoked by the insufficiencies of the «colonial system» consisting of small-scale farming in the cleared forests. The contrast, as reflected by the population groupings and urbanization levels, between the «campos» stock-breeders and the «colonial regions» remains apparent, but the main change consists of the introduction of large-scale farming (wheat and soja) in the campos. As for North Parana, it forms the boundary of the Paulist coffee pioneer front. In spite of the presence of Curitiba and Porto Alegre, the region of the South, of major importance in the national economy, remains dependant upon external influences, upon Rio de la Plata or São Paulo.

The Present-Day Problems of Small Farms in the Andean Regions. The large variety of small, indépendant farms in the Andean regions characterizes, instead of distinct types, different components of a particular category : Latin-American family exploitation. Today, this activity appears to be organically tied to the behavior of monetary markets and its internal dynamic is longer dictated by its own impulsions. The economic environment and the play of forces which at present influence economic development in these regions exert, more and more, a predominating role in determining the différenciation which increases among these family units. The results of recent years show, moreover, that they can hold but a small place in the planned economic developments. The slender possibilities offered by promotion and rural development programs have, until now, favored only a minority of the farmers, who will form the new units of regional elite at the expense of large numbers of peasants. All of this casts doubt upon the isolated and largely ineffectual efforts undertaken since some time now, efforts in-tented to aid the small Andean peasantry : rural cooperation, technical assistance programs and «social promotion».

Teza, a large tea plantation in Burundi. After having indicated the main characteristics of the principal tea plantation in Burundi, the author invites the reader to discover the various landscapes of the agricultural-industrial complex of Teza during the course of a voyage in which technical details accompany the geographic notations. In the second part, Monsieur Capecchi takes pains to show how, in spite of average if not even marginal climatic and pedological factors, an agricultural experiment could have been conducted which, before anything else, required of its instigators a great effort at adapting agronomic techniques. If the Teza tea plantation can be considered a success from the technical point of view, the problems which it poses are above all human : initially parcelled out among many small pilot proprietors, the undertaking has become, due to various technical considerations, a governmental property. The benefits derived, as a consequence, are a source of only meager supplementary income for the local workers. The long term prospects outlined in the conclusion are particularly favorable and may well make of this large tea plantation of Burundi a model to follow.