Contenu du sommaire : La montagne et les nouvelles manières de faire connaissance
| Revue |
Revue de Géographie Alpine  |
|---|---|
| Numéro | vol. 109, no 2, 2021 |
| Titre du numéro | La montagne et les nouvelles manières de faire connaissance |
| Texte intégral en ligne | Accessible sur l'internet |
- La montagne et les nouvelles manières de faire connaissance - Anne Sgard, Isabelle Arpin
- Mountains and New Ways of Building Knowledge - Anne Sgard, Isabelle Arpin
- Les alpinistes et les limites terrestres du vivant : une contribution atypique à la connaissance scientifique - Cédric Dentant, Pascal Mao, Sébastien Lavergne, Philippe Bourdeau
La haute montagne a longtemps été considérée comme un espace dépourvu de vie. Si la science a dès les premières explorations des hautes altitudes été un puissant moteur de légitimation et de mise en récit, les sciences du vivant (biologie, écologie) n'y ont occupé qu'une place marginale. Même l'inventeur de la biogéographie, Alexander von Humboldt, ne voyait que peu d'intérêt à l'étude de ces marges de la biosphère. Toutefois, des pionniers de l'alpinisme ont abordé ces terra incognita au-delà du seul prisme de l'inconnu géographique. Des personnalités comme Edward Whymper ont perçu que l'engagement de leur corps dans ces milieux extrêmes pouvait être un puissant moyen de faire connaissance, grâce à la collecte d'organismes vivants insoupçonnés, et par extension devenir contributeurs de science. Il a fallu pour ce faire que des scientifiques professionnels s'emparent de ces objets intermédiaires, et se fassent eux-mêmes médiateurs entre le terrain et la théorie ; qu'ils deviennent des « êtres médiateurs », jusqu'à l'émergence d'un nouvel assemblage scientifique, impliquant de nouveaux acteurs issus de la biologie de la conservation. Les alpinistes se sont alors mués de corps collecteurs en co-producteurs de science.High mountain environments have long been considered to be devoid of life. If science has been a relevant means of legitimization and narrative from the very first explorations of high altitudes, life sciences (biology, ecology) have occupied only a marginal place. Even the inventor of biogeography, Alexander von Humboldt, saw little interest in studying these margins of the biosphere. However, the pioneers of alpinism have approached these terra incognita beyond the sole prism of the geographical unknown. Personalities such as Edward Whymper perceived that the involvement of their bodies in these extreme environments could be a powerful means of producing knowledge, through the collection of unsuspected living organisms, and by extension to become contributors to science. Professional scientists had to take hold of these intermediate objects, and make themselves mediators between the field and theory; they had to become « mediating beings ». Until the emergence of a new scientific assemblage, involving new actors from conservation biology. Mountaineers have thus mutated from collector bodies to co-producers of science. - Alpinists and the Terrestrial Limits of Living Beings: an Atypical Contribution to Scientific Knowledge - Cédric Dentant, Pascal Mao, Sébastien Lavergne, Philippe Bourdeau High mountain environments have long been considered to be devoid of life. If science has been a relevant means of legitimization and narrative from the very first explorations of high altitudes, life sciences (biology, ecology) have occupied only a marginal place. Even the inventor of biogeography, Alexander von Humboldt, saw little interest in studying these margins of the biosphere. However, the pioneers of alpinism have approached these terra incognita beyond the sole prism of the geographical unknown. Personalities such as Edward Whymper perceived that the involvement of their bodies in these extreme environments could be a powerful means of producing knowledge, through the collection of unsuspected living organisms, and by extension to become contributors to science. Professional scientists had to take hold of these intermediate objects, and make themselves mediators between the field and theory; they had to become « mediating beings ». Until the emergence of a new scientific assemblage, involving new actors from conservation biology. Mountaineers have thus mutated from collector bodies to co-producers of science.
- Produire du savoir en contexte alpin. Recherches collaboratives en microbiologie laitière, 1960-aujourd'hui - Elise Tancoigne Les environnements de montagne sont de longue date le lieu et la cible de politiques de recherches dites partenariales, qui privilégient des approches en co-construction de problématiques de recherche, entre acteurs du développement, professionnels et scientifiques. Les recherches portant sur les filières laitières françaises des Alpes et du Jura sont exemplaires de cette situation. En prenant l'exemple de la microbiologie laitière et l'émergence de la notion de « terroir microbien » dans les Alpes et le Jura, je propose dans cet article de répondre à la question suivante : comment produit-on du savoir en contexte alpin ? Dans une première partie, je présenterai les différentes formes prises par ces recherches collaboratives depuis les années 1960. Dans une seconde partie, je montrerai comment la notion de « terroir microbien » a pu émerger au sein de ces dispositifs de recherche et je développerai l'idée que ces recherches participatives restent toutefois des formes minoritaires d'élaboration des connaissances en microbiologie. Je m'appuierai pour ce travail sur une analyse de la littérature réflexive publiée par ces différents projets de recherche ainsi que sur des analyses scientométriques et un travail sur archives effectués entre 2016 et 2020 dans les Alpes du Nord.Mountain environments have long been the site and target of partner-oriented research policies which favour approaches based on the co-construction of research problems between development actors, professionals and scientists. Research on the French dairy sectors in the Alps and the Jura is an example of this situation. Taking the example of dairy microbiology and the emergence of the notion of "microbial terroir” in the Alps and the Jura, I propose in this article to answer the following question: how does one produce knowledge in an Alpine context? In the first part, I will present the different forms that this collaborative research has taken since the 1960s. In the second part, I will show how the notion of "microbial terroir” has emerged within these research systems and I will develop the idea that this participatory research remains a minority form of knowledge production in microbiology. I will base this work on an analysis of the reflexive literature published by these different research projects as well as on scientometric analyses and archival work carried out between 2016 and 2020 in the Northern Alps.
- Producing Knowledge in the Alps. Collaborative Research in Dairy Microbiology, 1960–Present - Elise Tancoigne Mountain environments have long been the site and target of partner-oriented research policies which favour approaches based on the co-construction of research problems between development actors, professionals and scientists. Research on the French dairy sectors in the Alps and the Jura is an example of this situation. Taking the example of dairy microbiology and the emergence of the notion of “microbial terroir” in the Alps and the Jura, I propose in this article to answer the following question: how does one produce knowledge in an Alpine context? In the first part, I will present the different forms that this collaborative research has taken since the 1960s. In the second part, I will show how the notion of "microbial terroir” has emerged within these research systems and I will develop the idea that this participatory research remains a minority form of knowledge production in microbiology. I will base this work on an analysis of the reflexive literature published by these different research projects as well as on scientometric analyses and archival work carried out between 2016 and 2020 in the Northern Alps.
- « Chercheur en résidence » : partager le quotidien professionnel de la conservation de la nature - Gaëlle Ronsin L'expérience « Chercheur en résidence » est née en 2015 au parc national des Écrins dans le but d'enrichir les collaborations entre le monde de la recherche, en sciences de l'environnement, et le monde de la conservation de la nature. Cette incitation s'appuie sur le constat, partagé par différents auteurs et acteurs, que les liens entre ces deux mondes professionnels seraient trop distendus. Créer des dispositifs pour faire connaissance de façon transdisciplinaire améliorerait ainsi les manières de travailler et de répondre aux enjeux pressants de la conservation de la biodiversité. Cet article retrace premièrement la genèse et la concrétisation de cette expérience à travers les trajectoires singulières de ses premiers protagonistes, qui nous informent sur les investissements relationnel, institutionnel et professionnel engagés dans le but de « faire connaissance ». Deuxièmement, le récit de cette expérience illustre que la collaboration transdisciplinaire passe par des moments d'apprentissage professionnel croisés. L'intérêt d'une résidence, même ponctuelle, réside ainsi dans le partage de temporalités et de savoirs du quotidien pour faire connaissance de façon épistémique et professionnelle.The “Researcher-in-residence” experiment was born in 2015 in the Écrins National Park with the aim of enriching collaborations between the world of research, in environmental sciences, and the world of nature conservation. This incentive is based on the observation, shared by various authors and actors, that the links between these two professional worlds are too distant. Creating mechanisms for getting to know each other in a transdisciplinary manner would thus improve the ways of working and responding to the pressing issues of biodiversity conservation. This article firstly traces the genesis and concretization of this experiment through the singular trajectories of its first protagonists, which inform us about the relational, institutional and professional investments made in order to “get to know each other.” Secondly, the story of this experience illustrates that transdisciplinary collaboration involves moments of cross-professional learning. The interest of a residency, even a one-time one, thus lies in the sharing of temporalities and everyday knowledge in order to get to know each other in an epistemic and professional way.
- Researcher in Residence: Sharing the Daily Professional Life of Nature Conservation - Gaëlle Ronsin The “Researcher-in-residence” experiment was born in 2015 in the Écrins National Park with the aim of enriching collaborations between the world of research, in environmental sciences, and the world of nature conservation. This incentive is based on the observation, shared by various authors and actors, that the links between these two professional worlds are too distant. Creating mechanisms for getting to know each other in a transdisciplinary manner would thus improve the ways of working and responding to the pressing issues of biodiversity conservation. This article firstly traces the genesis and concretization of this experiment through the singular trajectories of its first protagonists, which inform us about the relational, institutional and professional investments made in order to “get to know each other.” Secondly, the story of this experience illustrates that transdisciplinary collaboration involves moments of cross-professional learning. The interest of a residency, even a one-time one, thus lies in the sharing of temporalities and everyday knowledge in order to get to know each other in an epistemic and professional way.
- Associer les acteurs de terrain à l'observation de la fréquentation et des pratiques récréatives en montagne : enseignements à partir de deux projets collaboratifs en France et en Suisse - Christophe Clivaz, Marc Langenbach, Olivier Obin, Alexandre Savioz Les Alpes sont particulièrement concernées par les effets des changements climatiques. La hausse moyenne de la température y est deux fois supérieure à celle constatée au niveau mondial (Beniston, 2012). Les changements climatiques impactent en profondeur les pratiques touristiques, sportives et plus largement récréatives en montagne. On pense en premier lieu à l'élévation de la limite pluie-neige et à la raréfaction de la ressource que représente la neige (Gonseth, 2013) qui amènent les sociétés de remontées mécaniques à investir de manière importante dans la production de neige de culture afin de pérenniser la pratique du ski et du snowboard (Abegg, 2011 ; Clivaz et al., 2015). Mais les changements climatiques ont aussi des répercussions importantes pour les autres pratiques sportives et récréatives en montagne, notamment en été (randonnée, escalade, alpinisme, etc.). Observer les effets des changements climatiques sur les pratiques récréatives de la montagne peu aménagée s'avère complexe. Dans ce cadre, un projet de recherche-action participative exploratoire, présenté dans cette contribution, a été mené en 2019 avec pour objectif à la fois de faire un bilan sur les données existantes en matière de fréquentation de la montagne peu aménagée et d'étudier la faisabilité d'une démarche associant les acteurs de terrain dans l'observation de l'évolution de cette fréquentation. Cette contribution est l'occasion de revenir sur ce projet et de montrer les défis et les difficultés liés à cette démarche volontairement collaborative, notamment en la mettant en perspective avec le programme d'observation français Refuges Sentinelles (RS) dont elle s'est inspirée. Plus généralement, il s'agit aussi de s'interroger sur les enjeux de connaissance, tant pour les acteurs de la recherche que pour les acteurs de terrain (gardiens de refuge, guides et accompagnateurs en montagne), liés à une démarche de recherche collaborative. Les résultats en termes de données collectées ou d'enjeux identifiés (évolution de la fréquentation, du rôle des gardiens, des types de clientèle, etc.) ne font pas partie de l'objet de cette contribution, même s'ils pourront être évoqués ponctuellement afin d'exemplariser le propos.D'un point de vue méthodologique, nous nous baserons en grande partie sur le rapport final du projet de recherche-action participative que nous avons mené (Obin et al., 2020), sur un mémoire d'étudiant portant sur la faisabilité du programme Refuges Sentinelles et de la démarche à mettre en place (Berthet, 2014) ainsi que sur les comptes rendus des différentes séances et manifestations liées à ce programme. Nous avons complété ces sources par un entretien semi-directif réalisé en ligne, en janvier 2021, avec le responsable scientifique de ce dernier, entretien qui portait spécifiquement sur le thème de la méthodologie collaborative déployée.The Alps are particularly affected by the effects of climate change. The average temperature increase is twice as high as that observed at the global level (Beniston, 2012). Climate change is having a profound impact on tourism, sports and, more broadly, recreational activities in mountain regions. First of all, this concerns the rise in the rain-snow limit and the increasing scarcity of snow (Gonseth, 2013), leading ski lift companies to invest heavily in the production of artificial snow in order to sustain the activities of skiing and snowboarding (Abegg, 2011; Clivaz et al., 2015). However, climate change also has important repercussions for other sports and recreational pursuits in these regions, especially in summer (hiking, climbing, mountaineering, etc.). Observing the effects of climate change on recreational activities in less-developed mountain regions proves complex. In this context, an exploratory participatory research-action project, presented in this paper, was carried out in 2019 with the objective of both taking stock of existing data on the use of less-developed mountain regions and studying the feasibility of an approach involving field actors in the observation of the evolution of this use. This contribution is an opportunity to look back at this project and to show the challenges and difficulties linked to this deliberately collaborative approach, in particular by putting it into perspective with the French observation program “Refuges Sentinelles” (RS) (Sentinel Hut Program) from which it was inspired. More generally, it is also a question of examining the knowledge issues, for both research and field actors (hut keepers, mountain guides and leaders), linked to a collaborative research approach. The results in terms of data collected or issues identified (changes in visitor flows, the role of hut keepers, types of clientele, etc.) are not part of the subject of this contribution, even if they are mentioned from time to time in order to illustrate the topic.Our methodology is based on the final report of the participatory research-action project we conducted (Obin et al., 2020), on a student thesis on the feasibility of the Sentinel Hut program and of the approach to be implemented (Berthet, 2014), as well as on the minutes of various sessions and events related to this program. We supplemented these sources with a semi-structured interview conducted online in January 2021 with the scientific leader of this program, focusing specifically on the theme of the collaborative methodology utilised.
- Associating Field Actors in the Observation of Visitor Flows and Recreational Activities in Mountain Regions: Lessons Drawn from two Collaborative Projects in France and Switzerland - Christophe Clivaz, Marc Langenbach, Olivier Obin, Alexandre Savioz The Alps are particularly affected by the effects of climate change. The average temperature increase is twice as high as that observed at the global level (Beniston, 2012). Climate change is having a profound impact on tourism, sports and, more broadly, recreational activities in mountain regions. First of all, this concerns the rise in the rain-snow limit and the increasing scarcity of snow (Gonseth, 2013), leading ski lift companies to invest heavily in the production of artificial snow in order to sustain the activities of skiing and snowboarding (Abegg, 2011; Clivaz et al., 2015). However, climate change also has important repercussions for other sports and recreational pursuits in these regions, especially in summer (hiking, climbing, mountaineering, etc.). Observing the effects of climate change on recreational activities in less-developed mountain regions proves complex. In this context, an exploratory participatory research-action project, presented in this paper, was carried out in 2019 with the objective of both taking stock of existing data on the use of less-developed mountain regions and studying the feasibility of an approach involving field actors in the observation of the evolution of this use. This contribution is an opportunity to look back at this project and to show the challenges and difficulties linked to this deliberately collaborative approach, in particular by putting it into perspective with the French observation program “Refuges Sentinelles” (RS) (Sentinel Hut Program) from which it was inspired. More generally, it is also a question of examining the knowledge issues, for both research and field actors (hut keepers, mountain guides and leaders), linked to a collaborative research approach. The results in terms of data collected or issues identified (changes in visitor flows, the role of hut keepers, types of clientele, etc.) are not part of the subject of this contribution, even if they are mentioned from time to time in order to illustrate the topic.Our methodology is based on the final report of the participatory research-action project we conducted (Obin et al., 2020), on a student thesis on the feasibility of the Sentinel Hut program and of the approach to be implemented (Berthet, 2014), as well as on the minutes of various sessions and events related to this program. We supplemented these sources with a semi-structured interview conducted online in January 2021 with the scientific leader of this program, focusing specifically on the theme of the collaborative methodology utilised.
- Communiquer sur les risques naturels en montagne : des effets de croyance aux divergences sociales - Mikaël Chambru, Jean-Philippe De Oliverira Cet article analyse la communication sur les risques naturels en montagne à partir des politiques publiques d'« information préventive » déployées, enrôlant les chercheurs dans la production d'une expertise scientifique à visée sociopolitique. La communication est ici abordée au prisme des Sciences de l'information et de la communication (SIC) plutôt que comme un phénomène de diffusion d'information à améliorer. L'analyse s'appuie sur une « recherche-action » interdisciplinaire (géographie et SIC) menée dans les Hautes-Alpes et en Haute-Savoie pendant trois ans, mobilisée dans cet article comme objet empirique et réflexif mais aussi point d'entrée sur le terrain montagnard. L'article analyse les mutations contemporaines de la communication publique visant à faire évoluer les comportements des individus dans le domaine de l'environnement au sein de territoires « à risques ». Le but est d'ouvrir, à partir de cette expérience et d'une approche critique en SIC, un dialogue interdisciplinaire sur les dynamiques de recherche et de production des savoirs sur la montagne.This article analyzes communication concerning natural hazards in mountain regions. It draws on the actual policies of “preventive information” that involve researchers in the production of scientific expertise with a social and political aim. Communication is analyzed here through the prism of Information and Communication Sciences (ICS), rather than as a phenomenon of the dissemination of information requiring improvement. This study is based on an interdisciplinary “action-research” program (Geography and ICS) carried out in the Hautes-Alpes and Haute-Savoie regions over a period of three years. This article acts as an empirical and reflective object and provides a point of entry into the mountain terrain. The article analyzes contemporary changes in public communication aimed at changing individuals' behavior relating to the environment in “at-risk” regions. Drawing on this experience, and on a critical approach in ICS, we seek to propose interdisciplinary dialogue on the dynamics of research and the production of knowledge about mountain regions.
- The Communication Around Natural Risks in Mountain Regions: Analyzing the Effects of Belief and Social Differences - Mikaël Chambru, Jean-Philippe De Oliverira This article analyzes communication concerning natural hazards in mountain regions. It draws on the actual policies of “preventive information” that involve researchers in the production of scientific expertise with a social and political aim. Communication is analyzed here through the prism of Information and Communication Sciences (ICS), rather than as a phenomenon of the dissemination of information requiring improvement. This study is based on an interdisciplinary “action-research” program (Geography and ICS) carried out in the Hautes-Alpes and Haute-Savoie regions over a period of three years. This article acts as an empirical and reflective object and provides a point of entry into the mountain terrain. The article analyzes contemporary changes in public communication aimed at changing individuals' behavior relating to the environment in “at-risk” regions. Drawing on this experience, and on a critical approach in ICS, we seek to propose interdisciplinary dialogue on the dynamics of research and the production of knowledge about mountain regions.
- Renouveler les connaissances sur les risques liés aux sports de montagne : l'exemple d'un laboratoire collaboratif d'accidentologie - Maud Vanpoulle, Bastien Soulé, Eric Boutroy, Brice Lefèvre Les risques liés aux pratiques sportives de montagne constituent une préoccupation majeure au sein des milieux montagnards. La quantification et l'explication de l'origine des accidents constituent à la fois des enjeux de connaissances et des questions sensibles. Depuis 2015, le Laboratoire sur les Vulnérabilités et l'Innovation dans le Sport (L-VIS) est partie prenante d'une recherche-action collaborative impliquant des acteurs relevant de plusieurs « mondes » : la Fondation Petzl, la communauté de pratique en ligne Camptocamp, des acteurs publics (corps de secours en montagne, SNOSM), associatifs (fédérations sportives) et professionnels (syndicats de guides). Celle-ci a notamment abouti, fin 2015, à la mise en place d'un système de recueil participatif de témoignages sur les accidents et incidents survenus lors la pratique de sports de montagne : la base SERAC. La mise en place, le développement et l'intéressement grandissant d'acteurs multiples à l'égard de cette démarche collaborative de partage d'expérience et d'optimisation de l'accidentologie constituent une manière innovante de « faire connaissance accidentologique en montagne ». Abordé à travers le prisme de la sociologie des sciences et des techniques, le processus d'innovation sociale que constitue la base SERAC dépeint une forme de production de connaissances faisant le lien entre des chercheur·ses, des communautés de pratiques et leur culture sportive, des environnements montagnards de pratique spécifiques et des institutions sécuritaires singulières. La description de la création, puis de la socialisation et de l'évolution du projet de recherche attaché à la base SERAC permet de souligner le caractère hybride et incertain des savoirs en cours de production, dont le milieu montagnard semble être le terreau privilégié. L'ensemble du projet revêt une double ambition, source de complémentarité mais aussi de divergence : celle de la recherche-action collaborative et de l'accompagnement d'une innovation sociale ; la production de connaissances situées, idéalement traduisibles en recommandations préventives et en compréhension affinée des pratiques à risque en montagne.The risks associated with the practice of alpine sports are a major concern in mountain environments. Quantifying and explaining the causes of accidents are key to improving knowledge about this sensitive issue. To this end, since 2015, the Laboratory of Vulnerabilities and Innovation in Sport (L-ViS) has been participating in collaborative action research in France involving parties from several spheres: the Petzl Foundation (Petzl is a French climbing and caving equipment company), the online community Camptocamp (aimed at those who practice mountain sports), stakeholders from the public sector (mountain rescue services and the National Observatory of Mountain Safety, SNOSM) and the non-profit sector (sports federations), and professionals (guide organizations). At the end of 2015, this collaborative project resulted in the launch of an online system to collect participatory testimonials on accidents and incidents occurring during the practice of mountain sports: the SERAC database. The development, implementation and growing interest of multiple stakeholders regarding this collaborative approach to sharing experiences mark it as an innovative way to understand and optimize alpine accidentology. Seen through the lens of the sociology of science and technology, the process of social innovation the SERAC database represents is a form of knowledge production that links researchers, communities of alpine sports practitioners and their sporting culture, the alpine environments where they are practiced, and specific safety agencies. This article describes the creation, socialization and evolution of the research project associated with the SERAC database, highlighting the hybrid and uncertain nature of the knowledge produced and how it is inextricably linked with the mountain environment. At its source, the SERAC project has two complementary but also divergent aims: that of collaborative action research to support social innovation, and the production of contextualized knowledge that can ideally be translated into accident prevention recommendations and a better understanding of risky alpine practices.
- Improving Knowledge about Risks Related to Alpine Sports: A Collaborative Laboratory on Accidentology - Maud Vanpoulle, Bastien Soulé, Eric Boutroy, Brice Lefèvre The risks associated with the practice of alpine sports are a major concern in mountain environments. Quantifying and explaining the causes of accidents are key to improving knowledge about this sensitive issue. To this end, since 2015, the Laboratory of Vulnerabilities and Innovation in Sport (L-VIS) has been participating in collaborative action research in France involving parties from several spheres: the Petzl Foundation (Petzl is a French climbing and caving equipment company), the online community Camptocamp (aimed at those who practice mountain sports), stakeholders from the public sector (mountain rescue services and the National Observatory of Mountain Safety, SNOSM) and the non-profit sector (sports federations), and professionals (guide organizations). At the end of 2015, this collaborative project resulted in the launch of an online system to collect participatory testimonials on accidents and incidents occurring during the practice of mountain sports: the SERAC database. The development, implementation and growing interest of multiple stakeholders regarding this collaborative approach to sharing experiences mark it as an innovative way to understand and optimize alpine accidentology. Seen through the lens of the sociology of science and technology, the process of social innovation the SERAC database represents is a form of knowledge production that links researchers, communities of alpine sports practitioners and their sporting culture, the alpine environments where they are practiced, and specific safety agencies. This article describes the creation, socialization and evolution of the research project associated with the SERAC database, highlighting the hybrid and uncertain nature of the knowledge produced and how it is inextricably linked with the mountain environment. At its source, the SERAC project has two complementary but also divergent aims: that of collaborative action research to support social innovation, and the production of contextualized knowledge that can ideally be translated into accident prevention recommendations and a better understanding of risky alpine practices.
- Le tourisme scientifique dans les Alpes françaises : un laboratoire pour la médiation scientifique et la recherche - Yannick Vialette, Pascal Mao, Fabien Bourlon Cette contribution s'intéresse aux médiations scientifiques mises en œuvre dans le cadre d'initiatives de tourisme scientifique en montagne. Trois études de cas sont mobilisées dans les Alpes françaises : le Jardin alpin du Lautaret de l'Université Grenoble Alpes, Le CREA Mont-Blanc, centre de recherches privé organisant des démarches de science participative et des accueils d'étudiants et enfin une randonnée scientifique itinérante dans le Parc National des Écrins en lien avec un projet de recherche (Labex ITEM, Reflab). Les notions de tourisme scientifique et de médiation sont tout d'abord définies. Une approche quantitative et qualitative (questionnaires, entretiens et observations participantes) permet de saisir la place et le rôle des médiations scientifiques dans un cadre touristique. Elle met en évidence un fort niveau de satisfaction des publics et le lien étroit entre expérience et connaissance. Il s'agit en outre d'un vecteur de conscientisation des publics face à des enjeux sociétaux contemporains.This contribution focuses on scientific mediation implemented within scientific tourism initiatives in mountain areas. Three case studies in the French Alps support this research: the Jardin Alpin du Lautaret of the University of Grenoble Alpes, the CREA Mont-Blanc, a private research center organizing participatory science and student travel abroad programs and the scientific hut to hut trekking routes in the Ecrins National Park, organized jointly with a scientific research project (Labex ITEM, Reflab). Scientific tourism and mediation are first defined. Next, a quantitative and qualitative approach (with interviews and participant observations) allows us to understand the impact and role of scientific mediation within tourism. Results show a high level of interest of the issue within involved publics and a close connection between experience and knowledge. It appears that it is also a tool for public awareness of the challenges of our modern societies.
- Scientific Tourism in the French Alps: A Laboratory for Scientific Mediation and Research - Yannick Vialette, Pascal Mao, Fabien Bourlon This contribution focuses on scientific mediation implemented within scientific tourism initiatives in mountain areas. Three case studies in the French Alps support this research: the Jardin Alpin du Lautaret of the University of Grenoble Alpes, the CREA Mont-Blanc, a private research center organizing participatory science and student travel abroad programs and the scientific hut to hut trekking routes in the Écrins National Park, organized jointly with a scientific research project (Labex ITEM, Reflab). Scientific tourism and mediation are first defined. Next, a quantitative and qualitative approach (with interviews and participant observations) allows us to understand the impact and role of scientific mediation within tourism. Results show a high level of interest of the issue within involved publics and a close connection between experience and knowledge. It appears that it is also a tool for public awareness of the challenges of our modern societies.
