Contenu du sommaire : Monstres et monstruosités dans les représentations esthétiques et sociales
Revue | Amerika |
---|---|
Numéro | No 11, 2014 |
Titre du numéro | Monstres et monstruosités dans les représentations esthétiques et sociales |
Texte intégral en ligne | Accessible sur l'internet |
- Editorial - Marie Audran, Elodie Hardouin, Néstor Ponce
Thématique
Monstres et monstruosités
- Monstruos, atrofias y deseo en “Marat-Sade” de Florencia Abbate - Néstor Ponce This article approaches the story "Marat-Sade," by the Argentine writer Florencia Abbate from two perspectives: political and aesthetic. The essay begins by observing the notion of the monster throughout the history of neoliberalism in order to highlight the economic criteria that governed Argentine society in the 1990s. From there, this piece studies Abbate's story in order to highlight the structural and narratological procedures that allow the author to have the critical distance needed to observe the monstrosity of society.
- Monstruos, mutantes y contra-gestación : Promesas naturales, de Oliverio Coelho - María A. Semilla Durán Between the futuristic novel, sciences fiction and the fantastic genre, Promesas naturales by Oliverio Coelho builds a suffocating universe. An omnipotent and distant State classifies individuals from the day they were born, distribute themselves selectively in space and excludes all those who do not meet the requirements. Bernina, the protagonist, has been torn from her native space to which she tries to go back. Her strolling allows the representation of these world-spaces, inhabited by hybrid or monstrous characters that represent a hyperbolic condensation of certain tendencies of society which lie within the framework of the globalized capitalism. We will study the symbolic implications of the vacilación de la forma (the hesitation of form) or of the deformity and all its variations. Monstrosity opens interstices at the surface of what is represented, through which humour, parody and irony penetrate in the hybrid body of the text, denuding and establishing not only the precariousness of the being but also the precariousness of its representation.
- La monstrueuse perfection : l'illustration poétique de XXY - Eva Tilly Alex, protagoniste principal du film XXY, réalisé par Lucía Puenzo et sorti en salle en 2007, apparaît comme un type particulier de monstre. Nous nous attachons dans ce travail à proposer une analyse de ce film en en soulignant le caractère poétique et symbolique. Si la réalisatrice s'est inspirée d'une nouvelle de Sergio Bizzio qui traite de l'éveil à la sexualité d'une jeune fille qui souffre d'une « ambiguïté génitale », il nous semble que le sujet abordé dans la « recréation » cinématographique propose une perspective plus ample que celle des premiers émois sexuels d'une adolescente. Les espaces et les éléments contribuent à rappeler au spectateur la théorie de l'androgynie première de l'être humain. L'eau, aussi bien l'océan que la pluie, et les paysages côtiers jouent un rôle symbolique primordial dans la poétique de l'œuvre. Les personnages, baignés dans un camaïeu de bleus et de gris, semblent attendre un événement. Les tortues marines, omniprésentes, apparaissent comme des animaux métaphoriques dont il conviendra d'éclairer la signification. Quelle est donc la finalité de la mise en scène de ce « monstre » au sein d'un décor polysémique, au sein d'un groupe de personnages qui ne semblent exister que parce qu'il existe ?Alex, the main protagonist of XXY, the film directed by Lucia Puenzo and released in 2007 ; looks like an unusual kind of monster. This article proposes to analyse this film by looking at its poetical and symbolic load. If the film director drew her inspiration from a short story by Sergio Bizzio that deals with the sexuals awakening of a young girl who suffers from “genital ambiguity”, it seems that the topic chosen by its cinematpgraphic “recreation” offers a broader perspective than one focusing of the first sexual stirrings of a teenage girl. Spaces and elements are there to remind the viewer of the theory of the primeval androgyny of the human being. Water, just like the ocean and the rain, and the coastal landscapes, plays a seminal part in the poetics of the work. The characters, bathed in a monochrome of blues and greys, seem to be waiting for something to happen. The omnipresent turtles look like metaphorical animals whose meaning needs to be unveiled. What then is the ultimate goal of the staging of this “monster” in a polysemous environment, in the midst of a group of characters who only seem to derive their existence from hers ?
- Monstruos cinematográficos en dos películas argentinas contemporáneas : Un muro de silencio de Lita Stantic y Los Rubios de Albertina Carri - Elodie Hardouin This work aims to study the films Un muro de silencio (A wall of silence) by Lita Stantic and Albertina Carri's Los rubios (The blond people) released in Argentina respectively in 1993 and 2004. The present analysis shows how the cinematic resources used by the directors engender multifaceted monstrous hybrid visual forms. Mirages in the case of Stantic and doppelgängers for Carri, these resources represent the complex and multiple identities of the families of the dissapeared during the dictatorship in Argentina.
- Escritores, monstruo y supervivencia (César Aira, Daniel Guebel, Sergio Bizzio) - Marie Audran In a context that raises the issue of the value of actual literature, César Aira suggests to establish the procedure as an avant-garde alternative literary survival. In this article, we start from César Aira's monster's definition as the figuration of the procedure of a writer that allows him to survive. I suggest reading two novels: Derrumbe of Daniel Guebel and El escritor comido of Sergio Bizzio from this definition to analyze how the monster is constructed as an agent of survival in today's Argentina narrative.
- Mujer-serpiente en México. De Cihuacóatl a Lukas Avendaño - Gloria Luz Godínez Rivas The snake plays tow opposite roles in the origin of myths of what's believed : the Judaeo-Christian, where the slithering animal is the cause of sin and shame, and the Mexica, where the snake is beginning of life, fertility, birth and health. In both myths the woman is closely linked to the snake. In the Tenochca myth, the snake-woman, well known as Cihuacóatl, allows to recreate a series of marks of otherness in our culture : touch, surface, desire, seduction, slithering instinct, change of skin and forked tongue. This last notion, the divided tongue, bring us the well known historic person called La Malinche, a woman translator who makes it possible “to understand” (destinated to misunderstanding) between Mexican native Americans and Spanish in the Conquest of Nueva España. La llorona, or The Weeper, popular monster in Mexico, appears as an urban legend and also as a cultural merchant makes the union between Cihuacóatl and La Malinche. For detonate the subversive force of the snake-woman, we make the analysis of Lukas Avendaño, an homosexual Mexican native performer who poses naked with a lizard, in his community there are three sexs: men, women and muxes.
- Pandémie zombie. Monstres et mystères de Luis Felipe Fabre - Nathalie Galland Boudon Avec Poemas de terror y de misterio (Oaxaca, Almadía, 2013), quelque chose dérape et fait glisser au-delà de lui-même le champ de la poésie : alors sorte de terrain vague volontiers nocturne où se retrouve l'écriture poétique, tendue par les motifs du roman noir, entre fait divers racoleur et épisode de série B. Là, le lieu du poème est un terreau cauchemardesque où surgissent morts vivants et autres visages post-humains dans le rectangle de la page, qui est aussi celui de la pellicule filmique souvent convoquée, ou du trou en terre. Véritable archéologie de la peur qui fouille les possibilités du texte poétique à ses marges triviales, le recueil met en branle un texte-performance qui dit l'épouvante face à l'irrépressible pandémie de morts du Mexique contemporain. Nous interrogeons ici cette puissance de contagion de la terreur, qui fait de la figure du monstre la seule latence du monde. Une terreur mortifère qui se propage et gagne tout l'espace, espace intime ou tissu social déjà en décomposition, lieu du poème aussi, excavation-palimpseste, réservoir d'une nécro-écriture où irradient les hantises du présent.In Poemas de terror y de misterio (Oaxaca, Almadia, 2013), the poetic field crumbles down, gives away and slips out of its own self – it is no longer a sort of nocturnal wasteland where the poetical writing welcomes the motifs of the Gothic novel, wavering between enticing trivial events and B series episodes. The place of the poem here becomes in turns a nightmarish ground excavating zombies and other post-human faces from the rectangular page, but also the haunting image of the film reel or the grave. Acting as an archaeologist of fear digging out the possibilities of the poetical text until its crudest margins are exposed, this collection builds a performance-text voicing the horror of modern Mexico's irrepressible death pandemic. In this article, we intend to enhance such powerfully spreading terror which only preserves the latent figure of the monster. This deadly terror spreads out, invades all spaces – from the intimate realm and the gradually decaying social space, to the place of the poem itself which appears as a palimpsest-excavation and the source of a necro-writing radiating the obsessive fears of the present.
- El monstruo colonizador y el monstruo liberado en la obra de Glauber Rocha y del Grupo Cine Liberación - Ignacio del Valle Dávila The Latin American film projects of cultural decolonization in the 1960s and 1970s used to dialogue with the vernacular traditions while were beginning aesthetic changes in the national cinemas. The movies and the theoretical manifests of this period have been characterized by the refusal of the universal values of the aesthetic Eurocentric models. Affected by Fanon, filmmakers such as Glauber Rocha and Cine Liberación group have denounced and have resisted the North American and European cultural penetration. The uncritical incorporation of occidental cultural values has been seen as an “imperialist” imposition supported by the national bourgeoisies. In Argentina, the cultural penetration has been described by Cine Liberación in The Hour of the Furnaces (1968) as a “monstrosity dressed like a beauty”. Moreover, Rocha has assigned the nature of monstrosity to the assimilation of the occidental aesthetic norm: “official monsters of the culture”. According to Rocha and Cine Liberación, the “monster” also is the “imperialism” and the national oligarchies. In both cases, there is an inversion of the nineteenth oligarchic speeches that used to stigmatize the “other” – that means, the mestizo, the black people or the indigenous – as a wild or an uncivilized. In the other hand, these filmmakers have claimed the identity of themselves as the “other” or the “monster” of the hegemonic speech.
- Le masque de Gorille dans le carnaval contemporain de Cayenne : résurgences et dépassements des monstruosités historiques - Blodwenn Mauffret Le carnaval de Cayenne est un phénomène festif issu du fait colonial. Les masques traditionnels s'inscrivent dans une histoire marquée par la violence et la monstruosité sociale (exil, esclavage, violence, métissage forcée, ségrégation, idéologie raciste et aliénation assimilationniste). Le masque de Gorille est une résurgence de ces figures traditionnelles. Il est un masque fort prisé de la jeunesse cayennaise et de ce qu'on nomme aujourd'hui les touloulou sales, sorte de carnaval « à-côté », de carnaval « underground ». A travers l'effroi, le rire et le sexe, le masque de Gorille s'ancre dans une tradition du monstre carnavalesque cayennais et tente de résoudre les contradictions de la société créole contemporaine fondée historiquement sur l'hybridation et la négation de l'humanité. Le Gorille est le reflet des terreurs inconscientes et surtout l'annonce d'un changement de normalité. Le carnaval comme devancement des mœurs, comme utopisation du monde fait son œuvre. L'individu recherche soit la possibilité de découvrir les capacités du moi à refuser l'obéissance aveugle, la soumission irréfléchi au travail salarial et précaire soit la possibilité de découvrir une sexualité et un désir libéré des chaînes de l'histoire, des traumatismes de l'esclavage.The Cayenne carnival is a festive phenomenon which has developed from the colonial fact. Traditional masks are part of an abusive and social monstrosity (exile, slavery, violence, forced miscegenation, segregation, racism and alienation assimilationist ideology). The Gorilla mask is a resurgence of these traditional figures. It is a very popular mask of Cayenne young and what is now called the touloulou dirty, kind of carnival "perk" or "underground" carnival. Through fear, laughter and sex, the Gorilla mask is rooted in a tradition of the Cayenne carnival monster and attempts to resolve the contradictions of Creole society historically based on hybridization and the negation of humanity. The Gorilla is a reflection of unconscious fears and especially the announcement of a change of normality. Carnival as acceleration of manners, as utopization of the world is at work. The masker is looking for either the opportunity to discover the capabilities of the Self to refuse blind obedience, unthinking submission to the wage and precarious work, or the possibility of discovering a sexuality and a desire free from the chains of history, of slavery trauma.
- Leopardo al sol : la monstruosidad desvelada de la Colombia del narcotráfico - Françoise Bouvet Through a process of revenge opposing two clans of drug traffickers, Laura Restrepo's novel Leopardo al sol, shows us a portrayal of the new society that emerges in Colombia with the massive development of the drug economy in the 80s. In this society marked by the cult of money and violence, the monstrous actions are becoming more numerous. We will see that behind the capos, these obvious but ambiguous monsters of violence, other characters are hidden, which can be as monstrous as them. From the women of the clan, apparently outside the reach of violence, to the average citizen, the entire society will end up revealing a monstrous aspect, on a physical, moral or psychological level. Laura Restrepo will lead us to consider if this monstrosity is rooted in the human nature itself or in the nascent society of drug trafficking.
- Mitos de creación : los monstruos del rosismo en la prensa de los salvajes unitarios - Diego A. Jarak Who create monsters? Why? What is behind this creation? In other terms, analyzing some « monstrous » figures, we will try to understand some of the complex processes that leads to a certain representation of world. The « monster » as a synthesis of a way of seeing the world, the artist behind this creation and the world that rises behind this creation.
- La « máquina teratológica » en el Facundo de Sarmiento - Andrea Torrano This article realizes a biopolitical interpretation about Facundo (1845) around the monstrosity of two figures: Facundo Quiroga and Juan Manuel de Rosas. Sarmiento exhibits a tension between civilization and barbarism; a tension, that far from eliminate the barbarism, includes it as an « inclusive exclusion ». The conflict between civilization and barbarism can be read at the light of, what Giorgio Agamben termed, the « anthropological machine » –which produces humanity- and of, what we called, the « teratological machine » –which produces monstrous bodies and subjectivities. Sarmiento's narrative operation consists in showing Quiroga and Rosas as monsters, as the negative reverse of the civilized.
- Civilizar por el horror - Diego Fernando Guerra Within the foundation of modern Argentina, the dialectic between « monstrous » and « normal » often worked as a metaphor of the civilization-barbarity confrontation. From 1870 decade the development of « hygienic » funerary practices like cremation was a central component of the sanitarian public policies and the emergence of social control devices. In that context, the exhibition of the dangers and horrors linked to the human corpse and its decomposition became a central topic of the cremationist rhetoric, which appealed to the imaginary of monstrous in order to create a public consciousness on the sanitary risks derived from funerary tradition of inhumation. This paper will focus on some aspects of this process, part of the historical transformations of the visual and its insertion on the XXth century mass culture, but also linked to the collective fears and taboos inspired by corpses, bacteria, worms and revenants within the cultural industry.
- Hermafroditas y otros monstruos en Marosa di Giorgio - Karen Saban Scholarly Papers point out the eccentricity of the Uruguayan poet Marosa di Giorgio as well as the difficulty to classify her person or her work in any poetic or esthetic tradition. I propose that this enormous difficulty to locate or understand Marosa di Giorgio and even the uncertainty when choosing the hermeneutical tools that could allow reading her work lie in the Monstrous of her literature. I understand the Monstrous not as an aesthetic category, but a cultural one. In this article I track the presence of Monsters or of the Monstrous in the storybooks Misales (1993) and Camino de las pedrerías (1997) and propose reading them in three different levels that also coincide with three possible definitions of Monstrosity : 1. The monstrous body, 2. The monstrous behavior and 3. The monstrous language.
- Les monstres du péronisme - Moira Cristiá Toute société et tout groupe social crée leurs propres monstres, des créatures anormales qui provoquent la peur ou simplement le refus. Les différents courants du péronisme des années soixante-dix inventent également les leurs, dans le cadre d'un climat d'intolérance politique et de forte violence. Dans cet article, nous cherchons à identifier ces figures rejetées à travers l'étude de fictions illustrées, notamment des bandes dessinées publiées dans la revue de la Jeunesse péroniste Doña Robustiana, mais en évoquant également des caricatures tirées d'autres publications. Ces vignettes, utilisant l'humour pour alléger la tension, s'appuient sur le mythe politique du péronisme et font appel au plaisir du rire pour critiquer leurs adversaires. Nous proposons dans ce travail des pistes de réflexion sur la construction d'un imaginaire de la monstruosité, associé, dans ces documents, à l'immoralité et à l'impérialisme.Every society or social group creates its own monsters, abnormal creatures that provoke fear or just contempt. The different currents of Peronism of the 70's also invent their own, during a period of strong violence and political intolerance. This paper aims to identify them by analyzing illustrated fictions, particularly comics of the Peronist Youth's magazine Doña Robustiana, but also evoking some cartoons of other publications. These drawings, using humor to ease tension, are based on the political myth of Peronism and rely on the relief of laughter to criticize their opponents. This article will propose some lines of thinking about an imaginary of what is monstrous, usually associated in these documents with immorality and imperialism.
- Monstruos, atrofias y deseo en “Marat-Sade” de Florencia Abbate - Néstor Ponce
Monstres d'ailleurs
- Monstruosités esthétiques et esthétique de la monstruosité chez Gina Pane et Orlan : féminin mutilé, altérité transgressée ? - Mylène Bilot L'art corporel, parce qu'il participe d'une survivance de la figure du martyr, apparaît propice à l'étude de la monstruosité et de sa contre-partie, la normativité. L'esthétique de la monstruosité mise en oeuvre par Gina Pane et Orlan, artistes françaises contemporaines, permet de mettre au jour des mécanismes d'oppression et d'incorporation travaillés par les rapports du moi à l'autre. Comment s'articulent, d'une part, la construction et la transgression du corps monstrueux ; de l'autre, la violence symbolique de la sphère sociale qui le produit ? Les oeuvres de Gina Pane ainsi que celles d'Orlan se confrontent, à travers notre hypothèse de réminiscence du martyr, à cette question des rapports de pouvoir qui lient et opposent autrui à soi-même. Après avoir analysé le dérèglement que constituent les monstruosités esthétiques, nous étudions, à travers le prisme d'une lecture genrée, les dispositifs de mise en tension du féminin, ce qui nous conduit à aborder la stratégie de transgression que constitue le recours au corps comme ouverture à l'Autre et au sacré.Body Art participates in a survival of the figure of the martyr and appears this way suitable to the study of the monstrousness and of his opposite, the normativity. The aesthetics of the monstrousness worked by Gina Pane and Orlan, French contemporary artists, allows to bring to light mechanisms of opppression and of annexation worked by the connections of the self to the other. How do, one the one hand, the construction and the malpractice of the monstrous body ; on the other hand, the symbolic violence of the social sphere which produces it, articulate ? Gina Pane's works as well as those of Orlan converge, through our hypothesis of survival of the martyr, with this question of the connections of power which connect and bring into opposition the others to the self. Having analyzed the disorder constituted by the aesthetic monstrousnesses, we study the devices of stake in tension of the feminine through the prism of a gender reading, which leads us to approach the strategy of malpractice that constitutes the resort to the body as an opening in the Other and in the sacred.
- L'Indien, la nature et le monstre : de Montaigne à Goethe, en passant par Locke et Rousseau - Erwan Moreau Cet article, issu de recherches plus vastes en épistémologie sociale concernant le concept de monstre en tant que figuration du contre-nature, vise, en une étude parallèle des conceptions faites de la nature, du monstre et de l'Indien, à mettre en relief leurs liens triadiques réciproques dans les œuvres de Montaigne, Locke, Rousseau et Goethe. Les liens forts qui unissent nos quatre auteurs majeurs de la modernité sont la clef de voûte d'un humanisme structurant, encore aujourd'hui, les figures de l'Indien, de la nature et du monstre entre Vieux Continent et Nouveau Monde.From larger researches in social epistemology concerning monster concept as figuration of the unatural, this article aims for highligting the mutual links connecting conceptions of nature, monster and American Indian through a parallel study in Montaigne, Locke, Rousseau and Goethe works. The strong ties uniting the four major authors of the early modern period are at the core of a humanism which –even now– structures the figures of American Indian, nature and monster between the Old Continent and the New World.
- Los monstruos en las novelas de Benito Pérez Galdós - Sadi Lakhdari Monsters appears frequently in the novels of Pérez Galdós. The influence of medicine, and clinic is obvious in naturalistic descriptions of monstruous characters where the problem of heredity and education arises. The influence of romantic conceptions in the serie of Torquemada and Angel Guerra, remains in the comparison between genious and monster. This biological conception then evolves into a psychological one, in the dreams, nightmares or hallucinations, particularly in Angel Guerra. The hybrid monters inspired from several painters (Breughel, Bosch, Goya) are the result of the sick imagination of the characters and represent clearly fantasies of the childhood. The recurrence of precise details, as the green eyes of the monsters, refers to the Oedipus complex.
- El Capitán Ahab frente al enigma del abismo : el valor de los símbolos en Moby Dick - José Manuel Rodríguez Herrera A premonitory novel, Moby Dick anticipates many of the war conflicts and monomaniac rhetoric of modern day politics. After September 11th, the parallelisms between Ahab, George W. Bush, Bin Laden and Moby Dick seem too obvious to be easily overlooked. In other words, Moby Dick's essence as a revenge tragedy surfaces now stronger than ever. Even if, it seems clear, revenge may be the running force spurring Captain Ahab to go on with his mad pursuit of the Albino whale, the monster still sprouts too many meanings, making it all the more difficult to decipher the enigma. However, as I would like to argue, the interpretation of certain symbols in the novel, such as Ahab's limbs and trophies, can give us new insights into the meanings attached to the monster.
- Mères monstrueuses dans les romans d'Anne Hébert. Réflexions sur les (dé)monstrations du genre féminin - Hélène Barthelmebs Les études du genre se sont penchées sur les écrits d'Anne Hébert, en démontrant l'importance et la valeur du traitement du genre féminin dans ses œuvres. Les personnages hébertiens, et en particulier les mères, deviennent sous sa plume des êtres en nuance alliant les oppositions, réunissant les contraires et rejetant ainsi les stéréotypes et les identités préconçues. Cette esthétique passe par une peintures de ces imago qui convoquent des aspects sociologiques divers et suscitent des sentiments aussi intenses que contradictoires, de l'idée de sacrifice à celle d'égoïsme, en passant par l'amour. Elles quittent les représentations traditionnelles, les présentant comme douces, abnégatives, nourricières, pour tendre à des images inquiétantes. Que nous montrent, donc, ces mères monstrueuses ? Représentant des points-limites de la norme sociale, elles viennent éclairer la norme elle-même. Ces personnages marginaux, extrêmes et souvent fatals pour qui les côtoient, regardent et contemplent la « normalité », soulignant ses incohérences et ses limites. Là où la tradition institue des rôles sociaux binaires, et donc réducteurs, oscillant entre Mère et Prostituée, l'esthétique d'Anne Hébert vient faire imploser les carcans de la tradition en réunissant des contraires culturels, en niant les prétendues caractéristiques naturelles à l'origine de la différence, et de la hiérarchisation, des sexes.Gender studies have underlined the importance and the value of the treatment of the feminine gender in Anne Hébert's writings. Her characters, especially the figures of mothers, are nuanced, combining oppositions, bringing together opposites and thus rejecting stereotypes and preconceived identities. This aesthetic is composed by a description of these imago who convene various sociological aspects and generate feelings as intense as contradictory such as sacrifice, selfishness, and even love. Traditional representations of mothers are left apart (those presenting them as sweet, self-denying or feeder) and replaced by disturbing figures. So, what do show these monstrous mothers? Representing endpoints of the social norm, they question the concept of this standard norm. These marginal, extreme, and often fatal characters for those who stand alongside, observe the “normality” and underline its inconsistencies and its limitations. If mothers are traditionally represented by binary and simplistic social roles - which oscillate between the Mother and the Prostitute, Anne Hébert's aesthetics implode the shackles of tradition by mixing cultural oppositions and denying the alleged natural features found at the origin of the gender difference.
- Los monstruos ocultos de Manuel Vázquez Montalbán en La Rosa de Alejandría - Francisco J. Quevedo García Vázquez Montalbán is a major author of Spanish noir fiction. The novels featuring detective Carvalho draw the reader into a mysterious and sordid plot. In Alexandria's Rose we analyze the figure of the monster.
- Le monstre dans la philosophie contemporaine de l'horreur cinématographique - Hugo Clémot Le monstre joue un rôle essentiel dans The Philosophy of Horror de Noël Carroll, l'ouvrage de référence pour la philosophie anglo-saxonne du cinéma d'horreur. Il n'est donc pas étonnant que ce livre ait suscité une réflexion sur l'essence du monstre, qui mobilise autant les ressources de la philosophie la plus traditionnelle, que l'expérience des films d'horreur les plus contemporains. Cet article vise à présenter cette réflexion et à défendre la nécessité d'un « changement focal » conceptuel qui accompagne les mutations cinématographiques du monstre.Noël Carroll's The Philosophy of Horror, the most discussed book in the anglo-saxon philosophy of horror cinema, depends a lot on the notion of monster as a scientific impossibility. It is then no wonder why this book stimulated the philosophical reflection on the essence of monster, borrowing its sources both from traditional philosophy and contemporary horror movies. This paper intends to present this reflection and to defend the necessity of a conceptual “focal change” in order to closely follow the contemporary filmic mutations of the monster.
- El lado oscuro de un peluche americano : el marsupilami - Adriana Churampi Ramírez In representing Latin America, cartoonists tend to use strategies known from colonial documents. The Marsupilami, creation of André Franquin, is an engagingly cute creature from the tropical rainforest, but metamorphoses during violent anger attacks. The ensuing analysis questions his function as a symbol and reproduction of projects of definition and tolerance of otherness.
- Monstruosités esthétiques et esthétique de la monstruosité chez Gina Pane et Orlan : féminin mutilé, altérité transgressée ? - Mylène Bilot
Mélanges
- Bordes, lindes y transacciones en la poesía del sur : aproximaciones a Los fronterantes de Ariel Williams - Silvia Mellado In this paper analyzes Los fronterantes (2008) by Ariel Williams (Argentinian Patagonia) starting from the border representations and their relations with the semantic nuclei of the literature written in the South cultural area.
- Being Mexican : Identity, Location, and Rosa Nissán(IV) - Nathanial Eli Gardner
- Hacerse el indio - Melina Gaona This article presents an analysis about visibility and representation of indigenous condition in argentinian contemporary political framework, based on different kind of scenes about collective visibility by a social movement from Jujuy. It intends to consider strategies and repertoires they use to ensure margins of belonging and to dispute their own citizenship, through the staging of demands as ethnic.
- Matilde Itzigsohn, violencia y represión - Ivonne Barragán During the last several years, the field of recent history in Argentina has generated a great deal of research on political violence and repression. In the field of gender studies, the reconstruction of repressive processes has made partial explorations confined mostly to the placement of repressive technologies on sexed bodies. This article proposes a partial reconstruction of the repression of industrial workers from a point of view that considers the gendered social relations in the workplace. The methodological perspective of case reconstruction shows potential to reconstruct the experiences of women and men workers with regards to the different frames of legal and illegal repression in the industrial region of La Plata, Berisso and Ensenada in the years prior to the military dictatorship and as of 24 March, 1976. Our view aims to establish a close dialogue between these processes and the experiences of a worker and union representative in the predominantly « male » Rio Santiago Shipyard factory. The documents in our corpus come from a variety of collections, testimonials and news sources. They include materials collected by state intelligence agencies and political organizations, business documents and records of collective labor agreements.
- Palabra clausura, palabra abierta. Publicaciones literarias de pacientes psiquiátricos en Venezuela (siglo XX) - Celiner Ascanio From the second decade of the twentieth century to the present, there has been an ongoing need in Venezuela by psychiatrists, psychologists and writers to enroll the subject called "patient" in the creative space of the word. The place is set precisely in the psychiatric hospital; context that is in most cases more than a treatment and rehabilitation center, a fence that keeps the "crazy" from the world of "normal." The emergence of a series of creative workshops and subsequent publication of the texts that result from these in magazines and newspapers, set a vanishing point within the confined space of the psychiatric enabling retention of the individuals who live there, beyond classification, through the creative word. Our goal is to make a reading-writing relationship delirium from the possibility of entry of the subjectivity of the psychiatric patient.
- Poétique du corps enfermé. Répression et résistance des prisonnières politiques argentines (1976-1983) - Amandine Guillard Cet article propose d'aborder la question de l'emprisonnement féminin, plus particulièrement, celui des prisonnières politiques sous la dernière dictature argentine (1976-1983). Le croissant intérêt pour la récupération de la mémoire en Argentine a donné lieu à la publication de nombreux ouvrages qui permettent aujourd'hui de mieux comprendre cet aspect encore peu exploré de l'histoire argentine. Ce travail sera donc l'occasion d'analyser les conditions d'enfermement et l'expérience des prisonnières politiques dans les établissements pénitentiaires de San Martín (province de Córdoba) et Villa Devoto (province de Buenos Aires). Ceci nous invitera immanquablement à réfléchir au sens de la féminité en prison sous un régime autoritaire, et à la manière dont les détenues ont résisté grâce, notamment, à leur condition de femme.The aim of this article is to deal with the question of women in prison, and more specifically of women who were political prisoners during the last Argentinian dictatorship (1976-1983). The growing interest for memory in Argentina has led to the publication of numerous books which allow us to better understand this aspect of Argentinian history which is yet rarely ever studied. This article will thus be the occasion to analyze the conditions in which the women were emprisoned and their experience as political prisoners in such penitentiaries as those of San Martin (region of Cordoba) and Villa Devoto (region of Buenos Aires). It will lead us to reflect upon the notion of feminity under an authoritarian regime, and upon the way the prisoners resisted, partly thanks to the fact that they were women.
- De mulas, burros y perros. Lo animal y el registro del entorno en la prosa y las fotografías del escritor argentino Daniel Moyano - Diego Vigna The Argentine writer Daniel Moyano (1930-1992) was born in Buenos Aires but spent most of his life traveling and relocating, first within Argentina and then in Spain until his death. By the late 1950s he began his most fruitful period in artistic and existential terms : his arrival in the province of La Rioja, where he lived until 1976. Besides his facets as writer, musician and journalist, Moyano also translated his continuing concern for recording gestures and details in a valuable corpus of photographs that helped consolidate a different side of his creative registry. I propose in this work a journey through the author's archive with focus on relationship with nature and animals, considering his production of fiction, journalistic prose and photographs, in a mixture of languages and resources. My hypothesis is : in the same way that Moyano perceived and respected the place of animals among people in his daily life, he also did in this texts and photographs, emphasizing not only the integrity of all living things, but especially of some animals in the environment of La Rioja, highlighted by his silences and his persistence in the face of human and natural elements.
- Bordes, lindes y transacciones en la poesía del sur : aproximaciones a Los fronterantes de Ariel Williams - Silvia Mellado
Comptes-rendus
Littérature
- Karim Benmiloud et Alba Lara-Alengrin, Tres escritoras mexicanas. Elena Poniatwoska, Ana García Bergua, Cristina Rivera Garza - Néstor Ponce
- Valeria Tentoni, Antitierra - Milton Ezequiel López
- Marie-Madeleine Gladieu, Lectures de García Márquez. El otoño del patriarca - Silvia Palma
- Nestor Ponce, Toda la ceguera del mundo - Carlos Builes
Cinéma
- Nicolás Macario Alonso, Monte adentro - Andrés Castro Roldán
Sciences sociales
Opinion / Varia
- Novelas - Fabio J. Lannutti
Livres reçus